KYB CHINA(2011年11月30日国务院第183次常务会议通过 2011年12月20日中华人民共和国国务院令第612号公布 自2012年3月1日起施行)
(Adopted at the 183th Executive Meeting of the State Council on November 30, 2011, promulgated by Decree No. 612 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on December 20, 2011, and effective as of March 1, 2012)
总则
General Provisions
为了加强对放射性废物的安全管理，保护环境，保障人体健康，根据《中华人民共和国放射性污染防治法》，制定本条例。
These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution to strengthen the safety management of radioactive waste, protect the environment, and safeguard human health.
本条例所称放射性废物，是指含有放射性核素或者被放射性核素污染，其放射性核素浓度或者比活度大于国家确定的清洁解控水平，预期不再使用的废弃物。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'radioactive waste' means waste that contains radionuclides or is contaminated by radionuclides, with a radionuclide concentration or specific activity greater than the clearance level determined by the State, and is no longer intended for use.
放射性废物的处理、贮存和处置及其监督管理等活动，适用本条例。
These Regulations apply to the treatment, storage, and disposal of radioactive waste and the supervision and management thereof.
本条例所称处理，是指为了能够安全和经济地运输、贮存、处置放射性废物，通过净化、浓缩、固化、压缩和包装等手段，改变放射性废物的属性、形态和体积的活动。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'treatment' means activities that change the properties, form, and volume of radioactive waste through purification, concentration, solidification, compaction, and packaging, in order to enable safe and economical transport, storage, and disposal of the radioactive waste.
本条例所称贮存，是指将废旧放射源和其他放射性固体废物临时放置于专门建造的设施内进行保管的活动。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'storage' means the activity of temporarily placing spent radioactive sources and other solid radioactive waste in specially constructed facilities for safekeeping.
本条例所称处置，是指将废旧放射源和其他放射性固体废物最终放置于专门建造的设施内并不再回取的活动。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'disposal' means the activity of permanently placing spent radioactive sources and other solid radioactive waste in specially constructed facilities without the intention of retrieval.
放射性废物的安全管理，应当坚持减量化、无害化和妥善处置、永久安全的原则。
The safety management of radioactive waste shall adhere to the principles of minimization, harmless treatment, proper disposal, and permanent safety.
国务院环境保护主管部门统一负责全国放射性废物的安全监督管理工作。
The competent department of environmental protection under the State Council shall be responsible for the unified supervision and management of the safety of radioactive waste nationwide.
国务院核工业行业主管部门和其他有关部门，依照本条例的规定和各自的职责负责放射性废物的有关管理工作。
The competent department of the nuclear industry under the State Council and other relevant departments shall, in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations and their respective responsibilities, be responsible for the management of radioactive waste.
县级以上地方人民政府环境保护主管部门和其他有关部门依照本条例的规定和各自的职责负责本行政区域放射性废物的有关管理工作。
The environmental protectioncompetent authority of the local people's governments at or above the county level and other relevant departments shall, in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations and their respective responsibilities, be responsible for the management of radioactive waste within their respective administrative regions.
国家对放射性废物实行分类管理。
The state implements classified management of radioactive waste.
根据放射性废物的特性及其对人体健康和环境的潜在危害程度，将放射性废物分为高水平放射性废物、中水平放射性废物和低水平放射性废物。
According to the characteristics of radioactive waste and its potential harm to human health and the environment, radioactive waste is divided into high-level radioactive waste, intermediate-level radioactive waste, and low-level radioactive waste.
放射性废物的处理、贮存和处置活动，应当遵守国家有关放射性污染防治标准和国务院环境保护主管部门的规定。
Activities for the treatment, storage, and disposal of radioactive waste shall comply with the national standards for radioactive pollution prevention and the provisions of the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council.
国务院环境保护主管部门会同国务院核工业行业主管部门和其他有关部门建立全国放射性废物管理信息系统，实现信息共享。
The competent department of environmental protection under the State Council shall, together with the competent department of the nuclear industry under the State Council and other relevant departments, establish a national radioactive waste management information system to achieve information sharing.
国家鼓励、支持放射性废物安全管理的科学研究和技术开发利用，推广先进的放射性废物安全管理技术。
The state encourages and supports scientific research and technological development for the safe management of radioactive waste, and promotes advanced technologies for the safe management of radioactive waste.
任何单位和个人对违反本条例规定的行为，有权向县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门或者其他有关部门举报。接到举报的部门应当及时调查处理，并为举报人保密；经调查情况属实的，对举报人给予奖励。
Any unit or individual has the right to report to the competent department of environmental protection of the local people's government at or above the county level or other relevant departments any act that violates the provisions of these Regulations. The department receiving the report shall promptly investigate and handle the matter, and keep the reporter confidential; if the situation is verified, the reporter shall be rewarded.
放射性废物的处理和贮存
Treatment and Storage of Radioactive Waste
核设施营运单位应当将其产生的不能回收利用并不能返回原生产单位或者出口方的废旧放射源(以下简称废旧放射源)，送交取得相应许可证的放射性固体废物贮存单位集中贮存，或者直接送交取得相应许可证的放射性固体废物处置单位处置。
Nuclear facility operators shall deliver the spent radioactive sources that cannot be recycled and cannot be returned to the original production unit or exporter (hereinafter referred to as spent radioactive sources) to a radioactive solid waste storage unit that has obtained the corresponding license for centralized storage, or directly deliver them to a radioactive solid waste disposal unit that has obtained the corresponding license for disposal.
核设施营运单位应当对其产生的除废旧放射源以外的放射性固体废物和不能经净化排放的放射性废液进行处理，使其转变为稳定的、标准化的固体废物后自行贮存，并及时送交取得相应许可证的放射性固体废物处置单位处置。
Nuclear facility operating units shall treat the radioactive solid waste (other than spent radioactive sources) and radioactive waste liquid that cannot be purified and discharged, converting them into stable, standardized solid waste, store them on their own, and promptly deliver them to a radioactive solid waste disposal unit that has obtained the corresponding permit.
核技术利用单位应当对其产生的不能经净化排放的放射性废液进行处理，转变为放射性固体废物。
Nuclear technology utilization units shall treat the radioactive waste liquid that cannot be purified and discharged, converting it into radioactive solid waste.
核技术利用单位应当及时将其产生的废旧放射源和其他放射性固体废物，送交取得相应许可证的放射性固体废物贮存单位集中贮存，或者直接送交取得相应许可证的放射性固体废物处置单位处置。
Nuclear technology utilization units shall promptly deliver the spent radioactive sources and other radioactive solid waste they generate to a radioactive solid waste storage unit that has obtained the corresponding permit for centralized storage, or directly to a radioactive solid waste disposal unit that has obtained the corresponding permit for disposal.
专门从事放射性固体废物贮存活动的单位，应当符合下列条件，并依照本条例的规定申请领取放射性固体废物贮存许可证：
Units specializing in radioactive solid waste storage activities shall meet the following conditions and apply for a radioactive solid waste storage permit in accordance with these Regulations:
(一)有法人资格；
(1) Have legal personality;
(二)有能保证贮存设施安全运行的组织机构和3名以上放射性废物管理、辐射防护、环境监测方面的专业技术人员，其中至少有1名注册核安全工程师；
(2) Have an organizational structure capable of ensuring the safe operation of storage facilities and at least three professional and technical personnel in radioactive waste management, radiation protection, and environmental monitoring, including at least one registered nuclear safety engineer;
(三)有符合国家有关放射性污染防治标准和国务院环境保护主管部门规定的放射性固体废物接收、贮存设施和场所，以及放射性检测、辐射防护与环境监测设备；
(3) Have radioactive solid waste receiving and storage facilities and sites that meet the national standards for radioactive pollution prevention and the requirements of the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council, as well as radioactive detection, radiation protection, and environmental monitoring equipment;
(四)有健全的管理制度以及符合核安全监督管理要求的质量保证体系，包括质量保证大纲、贮存设施运行监测计划、辐射环境监测计划和应急方案等。
(4) Have a sound management system and a quality assurance system that meets the requirements of nuclear safety supervision and management, including a quality assurance program, a storage facility operation monitoring plan, a radiation environment monitoring plan, and an emergency plan.
核设施营运单位利用与核设施配套建设的贮存设施，贮存本单位产生的放射性固体废物的，不需要申请领取贮存许可证；贮存其他单位产生的放射性固体废物的，应当依照本条例的规定申请领取贮存许可证。
Nuclear facility operating units that use storage facilities built in conjunction with nuclear facilities to store radioactive solid waste generated by their own units do not need to apply for a storage permit; if they store radioactive solid waste generated by other units, they shall apply for a storage permit in accordance with these Regulations.
申请领取放射性固体废物贮存许可证的单位，应当向国务院环境保护主管部门提出书面申请，并提交其符合本条例第十二条规定条件的证明材料。
A unit applying for a radioactive solid waste storage permit shall submit a written application to the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council, along with supporting materials demonstrating that it meets the conditions specified in Article 12 of these Regulations.
国务院环境保护主管部门应当自受理申请之日起20个工作日内完成审查，对符合条件的颁发许可证，予以公告；对不符合条件的，书面通知申请单位并说明理由。
The environmental protection department of the State Council shall complete the review within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application. For those meeting the conditions, a license shall be issued and publicly announced; for those not meeting the conditions, a written notice shall be given to the applicant unit with reasons stated.
国务院环境保护主管部门在审查过程中，应当组织专家进行技术评审，并征求国务院其他有关部门的意见。技术评审所需时间应当书面告知申请单位。
During the review process, the environmental protection department of the State Council shall organize technical review by experts and solicit opinions from other relevant departments of the State Council. The time required for technical review shall be notified in writing to the applicant unit.
放射性固体废物贮存许可证应当载明下列内容：
A radioactive solid waste storage license shall specify the following contents:
(一)单位的名称、地址和法定代表人；
(1) Name, address, and legal representative of the unit;
(二)准予从事的活动种类、范围和规模；
(2) Type, scope, and scale of permitted activities;
(三)有效期限；
(3) Validity period;
(四)发证机关、发证日期和证书编号。
(4) Issuing authority, date of issuance, and certificate number.
放射性固体废物贮存单位变更单位名称、地址、法定代表人的，应当自变更登记之日起20日内，向国务院环境保护主管部门申请办理许可证变更手续。
If a radioactive solid waste storage unit changes its name, address, or legal representative, it shall apply to the environmental protection department of the State Council for license change procedures within 20 days from the date of change registration.
放射性固体废物贮存单位需要变更许可证规定的活动种类、范围和规模的，应当按照原申请程序向国务院环境保护主管部门重新申请领取许可证。
If a radioactive solid waste storage unit needs to change the type, scope, or scale of activities specified in the license, it shall re-apply for a license from the environmental protection department of the State Council in accordance with the original application procedures.
放射性固体废物贮存许可证的有效期为10年。
The validity period of a radioactive solid waste storage license is 10 years.
许可证有效期届满，放射性固体废物贮存单位需要继续从事贮存活动的，应当于许可证有效期届满90日前，向国务院环境保护主管部门提出延续申请。
If a radioactive solid waste storage unit needs to continue storage activities upon expiration of the license validity period, it shall submit a renewal application to the environmental protection department of the State Council 90 days before the expiration date.
国务院环境保护主管部门应当在许可证有效期届满前完成审查，对符合条件的准予延续；对不符合条件的，书面通知申请单位并说明理由。
The environmental protection department of the State Council shall complete the review before the expiration of the license validity period, grant renewal to those meeting the conditions, and notify the applicant in writing with reasons if not.
放射性固体废物贮存单位应当按照国家有关放射性污染防治标准和国务院环境保护主管部门的规定，对其接收的废旧放射源和其他放射性固体废物进行分类存放和清理，及时予以清洁解控或者送交取得相应许可证的放射性固体废物处置单位处置。
Radioactive solid waste storage units shall, in accordance with national radioactive pollution prevention standards and regulations of the environmental protection department of the State Council, classify, store, and clean up the spent radioactive sources and other radioactive solid waste they receive, and promptly carry out clearance or deliver them to disposal units with corresponding licenses.
放射性固体废物贮存单位应当建立放射性固体废物贮存情况记录档案，如实完整地记录贮存的放射性固体废物的来源、数量、特征、贮存位置、清洁解控、送交处置等与贮存活动有关的事项。
Radioactive solid waste storage units shall establish records of storage activities, truthfully and completely recording the source, quantity, characteristics, storage location, clearance, and delivery for disposal of the radioactive solid waste.
放射性固体废物贮存单位应当根据贮存设施的自然环境和放射性固体废物特性采取必要的防护措施，保证在规定的贮存期限内贮存设施、容器的完好和放射性固体废物的安全，并确保放射性固体废物能够安全回取。
Radioactive solid waste storage units shall take necessary protective measures based on the natural environment of the storage facility and the characteristics of the radioactive solid waste to ensure the integrity of the storage facility and containers and the safety of the radioactive solid waste within the specified storage period, and to ensure that the radioactive solid waste can be safely retrieved.
放射性固体废物贮存单位应当根据贮存设施运行监测计划和辐射环境监测计划，对贮存设施进行安全性检查，并对贮存设施周围的地下水、地表水、土壤和空气进行放射性监测。
Radioactive solid waste storage units shall conduct safety inspections of storage facilities and carry out radioactive monitoring of groundwater, surface water, soil, and air around the storage facilities in accordance with the storage facility operation monitoring plan and radiation environment monitoring plan.
放射性固体废物贮存单位应当如实记录监测数据，发现安全隐患或者周围环境中放射性核素超过国家规定的标准的，应当立即查找原因，采取相应的防范措施，并向所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府环境保护主管部门报告。构成辐射事故的，应当立即启动本单位的应急方案，并依照《中华人民共和国放射性污染防治法》、《放射性同位素与射线装置安全和防护条例》的规定进行报告，开展有关事故应急工作。
Radioactive solid waste storage units shall truthfully record monitoring data. If potential safety hazards or radionuclides exceeding national standards are found in the surrounding environment, they shall immediately identify the cause, take corresponding preventive measures, and report to the environmental protection department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government. If a radiation accident occurs, they shall immediately activate their emergency plan and report and carry out emergency response in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution and the Regulations on the Safety and Protection of Radioactive Isotopes and Radiation Devices.
将废旧放射源和其他放射性固体废物送交放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位贮存、处置时，送交方应当一并提供放射性固体废物的种类、数量、活度等资料和废旧放射源的原始档案，并按照规定承担贮存、处置的费用。
When delivering spent radioactive sources and other radioactive solid waste to storage or disposal units, the delivering party shall provide information on the type, quantity, activity, etc., of the radioactive solid waste and the original records of the spent radioactive sources, and bear the storage and disposal costs as specified.
放射性废物的处置
Disposal of Radioactive Waste
国务院核工业行业主管部门会同国务院环境保护主管部门根据地质、环境、社会经济条件和放射性固体废物处置的需要，在征求国务院有关部门意见并进行环境影响评价的基础上编制放射性固体废物处置场所选址规划，报国务院批准后实施。
The nuclear industry administrative department of the State Council, together with the environmental protection department of the State Council, shall, based on geological, environmental, socio-economic conditions and the need for radioactive solid waste disposal, and after soliciting opinions from relevant departments of the State Council and conducting environmental impact assessment, formulate a site selection plan for radioactive solid waste disposal sites, which shall be implemented after approval by the State Council.
有关地方人民政府应当根据放射性固体废物处置场所选址规划，提供放射性固体废物处置场所的建设用地，并采取有效措施支持放射性固体废物的处置。
The relevant local people's government shall, in accordance with the siting plan for radioactive solid waste disposal sites, provide construction land for radioactive solid waste disposal sites and take effective measures to support the disposal of radioactive solid waste.
建造放射性固体废物处置设施，应当按照放射性固体废物处置场所选址技术导则和标准的要求，与居住区、水源保护区、交通干道、工厂和企业等场所保持严格的安全防护距离，并对场址的地质构造、水文地质等自然条件以及社会经济条件进行充分研究论证。
When constructing radioactive solid waste disposal facilities, strict safety protection distances shall be maintained from residential areas, water source protection zones, traffic arteries, factories and enterprises, etc., in accordance with the requirements of technical guidelines and standards for siting radioactive solid waste disposal sites, and sufficient research and demonstration shall be conducted on the natural conditions such as geological structure and hydrogeology, as well as socio-economic conditions of the site.
建造放射性固体废物处置设施，应当符合放射性固体废物处置场所选址规划，并依法办理选址批准手续和建造许可证。不符合选址规划或者选址技术导则、标准的，不得批准选址或者建造。
The construction of radioactive solid waste disposal facilities shall comply with the siting plan for radioactive solid waste disposal sites, and the procedures for site approval and construction permit shall be handled in accordance with the law. If the siting plan or the siting technical guidelines and standards are not met, the site or construction shall not be approved.
高水平放射性固体废物和α放射性固体废物深地质处置设施的工程和安全技术研究、地下实验、选址和建造，由国务院核工业行业主管部门组织实施。
The engineering and safety technology research, underground experiments, siting and construction of deep geological disposal facilities for high-level radioactive solid waste and alpha radioactive solid waste shall be organized and implemented by the nuclear industry administrative department of the State Council.
专门从事放射性固体废物处置活动的单位，应当符合下列条件，并依照本条例的规定申请领取放射性固体废物处置许可证：
Units specializing in the disposal of radioactive solid waste shall meet the following conditions and apply for a radioactive solid waste disposal license in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations:
(一)有国有或者国有控股的企业法人资格。
(1) Have the qualification of a state-owned or state-controlled enterprise legal person.
(二)有能保证处置设施安全运行的组织机构和专业技术人员。低、中水平放射性固体废物处置单位应当具有10名以上放射性废物管理、辐射防护、环境监测方面的专业技术人员，其中至少有3名注册核安全工程师；高水平放射性固体废物和α放射性固体废物处置单位应当具有20名以上放射性废物管理、辐射防护、环境监测方面的专业技术人员，其中至少有5名注册核安全工程师。
(2) Have an organizational structure and professional technical personnel capable of ensuring the safe operation of the disposal facility. Units disposing of low and intermediate level radioactive solid waste shall have at least 10 professional technical personnel in radioactive waste management, radiation protection, and environmental monitoring, including at least 3 registered nuclear safety engineers; units disposing of high-level radioactive solid waste and alpha radioactive solid waste shall have at least 20 professional technical personnel in radioactive waste management, radiation protection, and environmental monitoring, including at least 5 registered nuclear safety engineers.
(三)有符合国家有关放射性污染防治标准和国务院环境保护主管部门规定的放射性固体废物接收、处置设施和场所，以及放射性检测、辐射防护与环境监测设备。低、中水平放射性固体废物处置设施关闭后应满足300年以上的安全隔离要求；高水平放射性固体废物和α放射性固体废物深地质处置设施关闭后应满足1万年以上的安全隔离要求。
(3) Have radioactive solid waste receiving and disposal facilities and sites that meet the national standards for radioactive pollution prevention and the requirements of the environmental protection administrative department of the State Council, as well as radioactive detection, radiation protection and environmental monitoring equipment. The closure of low and intermediate level radioactive solid waste disposal facilities shall meet the safety isolation requirements for more than 300 years; the closure of deep geological disposal facilities for high-level radioactive solid waste and alpha radioactive solid waste shall meet the safety isolation requirements for more than 10,000 years.
(四)有相应数额的注册资金。低、中水平放射性固体废物处置单位的注册资金应不少于3000万元；高水平放射性固体废物和α放射性固体废物处置单位的注册资金应不少于1亿元。
(4) Have a corresponding amount of registered capital. The registered capital of a low and intermediate level radioactive solid waste disposal unit shall be no less than 30 million yuan; the registered capital of a high-level radioactive solid waste and alpha radioactive solid waste disposal unit shall be no less than 100 million yuan.
(五)有能保证其处置活动持续进行直至安全监护期满的财务担保。
(5) Have financial guarantees that can ensure the continuous conduct of its disposal activities until the end of the safety supervision period.
(六)有健全的管理制度以及符合核安全监督管理要求的质量保证体系，包括质量保证大纲、处置设施运行监测计划、辐射环境监测计划和应急方案等。
(6) Have a sound management system and a quality assurance system that meets the requirements of nuclear safety supervision, including a quality assurance program, a disposal facility operation monitoring plan, a radiation environment monitoring plan, and an emergency plan.
放射性固体废物处置许可证的申请、变更、延续的审批权限和程序，以及许可证的内容、有效期限，依照本条例第十三条至第十六条的规定执行。
The authority and procedures for the application, modification, and renewal of a radioactive solid waste disposal license, as well as the content and validity period of the license, shall be implemented in accordance with Articles 13 to 16 of these Regulations.
放射性固体废物处置单位应当按照国家有关放射性污染防治标准和国务院环境保护主管部门的规定，对其接收的放射性固体废物进行处置。
A radioactive solid waste disposal unit shall dispose of the radioactive solid waste it receives in accordance with the national standards for radioactive pollution prevention and the provisions of the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council.
放射性固体废物处置单位应当建立放射性固体废物处置情况记录档案，如实记录处置的放射性固体废物的来源、数量、特征、存放位置等与处置活动有关的事项。放射性固体废物处置情况记录档案应当永久保存。
A radioactive solid waste disposal unit shall establish a record file of the disposal of radioactive solid waste, truthfully recording matters related to the disposal activities, such as the source, quantity, characteristics, and storage location of the radioactive solid waste disposed of. The record file of the disposal of radioactive solid waste shall be permanently preserved.
放射性固体废物处置单位应当根据处置设施运行监测计划和辐射环境监测计划，对处置设施进行安全性检查，并对处置设施周围的地下水、地表水、土壤和空气进行放射性监测。
A radioactive solid waste disposal unit shall, in accordance with the disposal facility operation monitoring plan and the radiation environment monitoring plan, conduct safety inspections on the disposal facility and carry out radiation monitoring of the groundwater, surface water, soil, and air around the disposal facility.
放射性固体废物处置单位应当如实记录监测数据，发现安全隐患或者周围环境中放射性核素超过国家规定的标准的，应当立即查找原因，采取相应的防范措施，并向国务院环境保护主管部门和核工业行业主管部门报告。构成辐射事故的，应当立即启动本单位的应急方案，并依照《中华人民共和国放射性污染防治法》、《放射性同位素与射线装置安全和防护条例》的规定进行报告，开展有关事故应急工作。
A radioactive solid waste disposal unit shall truthfully record monitoring data. If a safety hazard is discovered or if the levels of radionuclides in the surrounding environment exceed the standards prescribed by the state, it shall immediately identify the cause, take corresponding preventive measures, and report to the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council and the competent department of the nuclear industry. If a radiation accident occurs, it shall immediately activate its own emergency plan and report and carry out relevant accident emergency work in accordance with the provisions of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution and the Regulations on the Safety and Protection of Radioactive Isotopes and Radiation Devices.
放射性固体废物处置设施设计服役期届满，或者处置的放射性固体废物已达到该设施的设计容量，或者所在地区的地质构造或者水文地质等条件发生重大变化导致处置设施不适宜继续处置放射性固体废物的，应当依法办理关闭手续，并在划定的区域设置永久性标记。
If the designed service life of a radioactive solid waste disposal facility expires, or the radioactive solid waste disposed of has reached the design capacity of the facility, or significant changes in the geological structure or hydrogeological conditions of the area cause the disposal facility to be unsuitable for continued disposal of radioactive solid waste, the closure procedures shall be handled in accordance with the law, and permanent markers shall be set up in the designated area.
关闭放射性固体废物处置设施的，处置单位应当编制处置设施安全监护计划，报国务院环境保护主管部门批准。
When closing a radioactive solid waste disposal facility, the disposal unit shall prepare a safety surveillance plan for the disposal facility and submit it to the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council for approval.
放射性固体废物处置设施依法关闭后，处置单位应当按照经批准的安全监护计划，对关闭后的处置设施进行安全监护。放射性固体废物处置单位因破产、吊销许可证等原因终止的，处置设施关闭和安全监护所需费用由提供财务担保的单位承担。
After a radioactive solid waste disposal facility is closed in accordance with the law, the disposal unit shall conduct safety surveillance on the closed disposal facility in accordance with the approved safety surveillance plan. If a radioactive solid waste disposal unit terminates due to bankruptcy, revocation of license, or other reasons, the costs required for the closure and safety surveillance of the disposal facility shall be borne by the unit that provided financial guarantees.
监督管理
Supervision and Management
县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门和其他有关部门，依照《中华人民共和国放射性污染防治法》和本条例的规定，对放射性废物处理、贮存和处置等活动的安全性进行监督检查。
The environmental protectioncompetent authority of the people's governments at or above the county level and other relevant departments shall, in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution and these Regulations, supervise and inspect the safety of activities such as the treatment, storage, and disposal of radioactive waste.
县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门和其他有关部门进行监督检查时，有权采取下列措施：
When conducting supervision and inspection, the environmental protectioncompetent authority of the people's governments at or above the county level and other relevant departments have the right to take the following measures:
(一)向被检查单位的法定代表人和其他有关人员调查、了解情况；
(1) Investigate and understand the situation from the legal representative and other relevant personnel of the unit under inspection;
(二)进入被检查单位进行现场监测、检查或者核查；
(2) Enter the unit under inspection to conduct on-site monitoring, inspection, or verification;
(三)查阅、复制相关文件、记录以及其他有关资料；
(3) Consult and copy relevant documents, records, and other related materials;
(四)要求被检查单位提交有关情况说明或者后续处理报告。
(4) Require the unit under inspection to submit a description of the situation or a follow-up treatment report.
被检查单位应当予以配合，如实反映情况，提供必要的资料，不得拒绝和阻碍。
The unit under inspection shall cooperate, truthfully reflect the situation, provide necessary materials, and shall not refuse or obstruct.
县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门和其他有关部门的监督检查人员依法进行监督检查时，应当出示证件，并为被检查单位保守技术秘密和业务秘密。
When conducting supervision and inspection according to law, the supervision and inspection personnel of the environmental protectioncompetent authority of the people's governments at or above the county level and other relevant departments shall present their credentials and keep confidential the technical secrets and business secrets of the unit under inspection.
核设施营运单位、核技术利用单位和放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位，应当按照放射性废物危害的大小，建立健全相应级别的安全保卫制度，采取相应的技术防范措施和人员防范措施，并适时开展放射性废物污染事故应急演练。
Nuclear facility operating units, nuclear technology utilization units, and radioactive solid waste storage and disposal units shall, according to the degree of hazard of radioactive waste, establish a corresponding level of security protection system, adopt corresponding technical prevention measures and personnel prevention measures, and timely conduct emergency drills for radioactive waste pollution accidents.
核设施营运单位、核技术利用单位和放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位，应当对其直接从事放射性废物处理、贮存和处置活动的工作人员进行核与辐射安全知识以及专业操作技术的培训，并进行考核；考核合格的，方可从事该项工作。
Nuclear facility operating units, nuclear technology utilization units, and radioactive solid waste storage and disposal units shall provide training on nuclear and radiation safety knowledge and professional operation techniques to their personnel directly engaged in the treatment, storage, and disposal of radioactive waste, and conduct assessments; only those who pass the assessment may engage in such work.
核设施营运单位、核技术利用单位和放射性固体废物贮存单位应当按照国务院环境保护主管部门的规定定期如实报告放射性废物产生、排放、处理、贮存、清洁解控和送交处置等情况。
Nuclear facility operating units, nuclear technology utilization units, and radioactive solid waste storage units shall, in accordance with the provisions of the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council, regularly and truthfully report on the generation, discharge, treatment, storage, clearance, and delivery for disposal of radioactive waste.
放射性固体废物处置单位应当于每年3月31日前，向国务院环境保护主管部门和核工业行业主管部门如实报告上一年度放射性固体废物接收、处置和设施运行等情况。
Radioactive solid waste disposal units shall, before March 31 each year, truthfully report to the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council and the competent department of the nuclear industry on the receipt, disposal, and facility operation of radioactive solid waste in the previous year.
禁止将废旧放射源和其他放射性固体废物送交无相应许可证的单位贮存、处置或者擅自处置。
It is prohibited to deliver spent radioactive sources and other radioactive solid waste to units without the corresponding license for storage or disposal, or to dispose of them without authorization.
禁止无许可证或者不按照许可证规定的活动种类、范围、规模和期限从事放射性固体废物贮存、处置活动。
It is prohibited to engage in the storage or disposal of radioactive solid waste without a license, or not in accordance with the type, scope, scale, and duration of activities specified in the license.
禁止将放射性废物和被放射性污染的物品输入中华人民共和国境内或者经中华人民共和国境内转移。具体办法由国务院环境保护主管部门会同国务院商务主管部门、海关总署、国家出入境检验检疫主管部门制定。
It is prohibited to import radioactive waste or radioactively contaminated articles into the People's Republic of China, or to transfer them through the territory of the People's Republic of China. Specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council jointly with the competent department of commerce under the State Council, the General Administration of Customs, and the competent department of entry-exit inspection and quarantine under the State Council.
法律责任
Legal Liability
负有放射性废物安全监督管理职责的部门及其工作人员违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员，依法给予处分；直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
Where departments and their staff members responsible for the supervision and administration of radioactive waste safety, in violation of these Regulations, commit any of the following acts, the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel shall be given disciplinary sanctions according to law; if the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel constitute a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
(一)违反本条例规定核发放射性固体废物贮存、处置许可证的；
(1) Issuing licenses for the storage or disposal of radioactive solid waste in violation of these Regulations;
(二)违反本条例规定批准不符合选址规划或者选址技术导则、标准的处置设施选址或者建造的；
(2) Approving the site selection or construction of disposal facilities that do not comply with the site selection plan or site selection technical guidelines and standards in violation of these Regulations;
(三)对发现的违反本条例的行为不依法查处的；
(3) Failing to investigate and deal with violations of these Regulations that are discovered according to law.
(四)在办理放射性固体废物贮存、处置许可证以及实施监督检查过程中，索取、收受他人财物或者谋取其他利益的；
(4) Soliciting, accepting property or seeking other benefits during the process of handling storage and disposal licenses for radioactive solid waste or conducting supervision and inspection;
(五)其他徇私舞弊、滥用职权、玩忽职守行为。
(5) Other acts of engaging in malpractices for personal gain, abusing power, or neglecting duties.
违反本条例规定，核设施营运单位、核技术利用单位有下列行为之一的，由审批该单位立项环境影响评价文件的环境保护主管部门责令停止违法行为，限期改正；逾期不改正的，指定有相应许可证的单位代为贮存或者处置，所需费用由核设施营运单位、核技术利用单位承担，可以处20万元以下的罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
In violation of these Regulations, if a nuclear facility operator or nuclear technology utilization unit commits any of the following acts, the environmental protection department that approved the environmental impact assessment document for the unit's project shall order cessation of the illegal act and correction within a time limit; if correction is not made within the time limit, a unit with the corresponding license shall be designated to store or dispose of the waste, with the costs borne by the nuclear facility operator or nuclear technology utilization unit, and a fine of not more than 200,000 yuan may be imposed; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
(一)核设施营运单位未按照规定，将其产生的废旧放射源送交贮存、处置，或者将其产生的其他放射性固体废物送交处置的；
(1) The nuclear facility operator fails to deliver the spent radioactive sources generated by it for storage or disposal, or fails to deliver other radioactive solid waste generated by it for disposal, as required;
(二)核技术利用单位未按照规定，将其产生的废旧放射源或者其他放射性固体废物送交贮存、处置的。
(2) The nuclear technology utilization unit fails to deliver the spent radioactive sources or other radioactive solid waste generated by it for storage or disposal, as required.
违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一的，由县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门责令停止违法行为，限期改正，处10万元以上20万元以下的罚款；造成环境污染的，责令限期采取治理措施消除污染，逾期不采取治理措施，经催告仍不治理的，可以指定有治理能力的单位代为治理，所需费用由违法者承担；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
In violation of these Regulations, if any of the following acts is committed, the environmental protection department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order cessation of the illegal act and correction within a time limit, and impose a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan; if environmental pollution is caused, it shall order the adoption of remediation measures within a time limit to eliminate the pollution; if remediation measures are not taken within the time limit and after a reminder still not taken, a unit with remediation capability may be designated to carry out remediation, with the costs borne by the violator; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
(一)核设施营运单位将废旧放射源送交无相应许可证的单位贮存、处置，或者将其他放射性固体废物送交无相应许可证的单位处置，或者擅自处置的；
(1) The nuclear facility operator delivers spent radioactive sources to a unit without the corresponding license for storage or disposal, or delivers other radioactive solid waste to a unit without the corresponding license for disposal, or disposes of them without authorization;
(二)核技术利用单位将废旧放射源或者其他放射性固体废物送交无相应许可证的单位贮存、处置，或者擅自处置的；
(2) The nuclear technology utilization unit delivers spent radioactive sources or other radioactive solid waste to a unit without the corresponding license for storage or disposal, or disposes of them without authorization;
(三)放射性固体废物贮存单位将废旧放射源或者其他放射性固体废物送交无相应许可证的单位处置，或者擅自处置的。
(3) The radioactive solid waste storage unit delivers spent radioactive sources or other radioactive solid waste to a unit without the corresponding license for disposal, or disposes of them without authorization.
违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一的，由省级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门责令停产停业或者吊销许可证；有违法所得的，没收违法所得；违法所得10万元以上的，并处违法所得1倍以上5倍以下的罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足10万元的，并处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款；造成环境污染的，责令限期采取治理措施消除污染，逾期不采取治理措施，经催告仍不治理的，可以指定有治理能力的单位代为治理，所需费用由违法者承担；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
In violation of these Regulations, if any of the following acts is committed, the environmental protection department of the people's government at or above the provincial level shall order suspension of production or business, or revoke the license; if there is illegal income, the illegal income shall be confiscated; if the illegal income is more than 100,000 yuan, a fine of not less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income shall be imposed; if there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 100,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed; if environmental pollution is caused, it shall order the adoption of remediation measures within a time limit to eliminate the pollution; if remediation measures are not taken within the time limit and after a reminder still not taken, a unit with remediation capability may be designated to carry out remediation, with the costs borne by the violator; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
(一)未经许可，擅自从事废旧放射源或者其他放射性固体废物的贮存、处置活动的；
(1) Engaging without authorization in the storage or disposal of spent radioactive sources or other radioactive solid waste without a license;
(二)放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位未按照许可证规定的活动种类、范围、规模、期限从事废旧放射源或者其他放射性固体废物的贮存、处置活动的；
(2) A radioactive solid waste storage or disposal unit engaging in the storage or disposal of spent radioactive sources or other radioactive solid waste not in accordance with the type, scope, scale, or term of activities specified in the license;
(三)放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位未按照国家有关放射性污染防治标准和国务院环境保护主管部门的规定贮存、处置废旧放射源或者其他放射性固体废物的。
(3) A radioactive solid waste storage or disposal unit failing to store or dispose of spent radioactive sources or other radioactive solid waste in accordance with national radioactive pollution prevention and control standards and the provisions of the competent department of environmental protection under the State Council.
放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位未按照规定建立情况记录档案，或者未按照规定进行如实记录的，由省级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门责令限期改正，处1万元以上5万元以下的罚款；逾期不改正的，处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款。
If a radioactive solid waste storage or disposal unit fails to establish a record-keeping file as required, or fails to make truthful records as required, the competent department of environmental protection under the people's government at or above the provincial level shall order correction within a time limit and impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan; if correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed.
核设施营运单位、核技术利用单位或者放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位未按照本条例第三十二条的规定如实报告有关情况的，由县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门责令限期改正，处1万元以上5万元以下的罚款；逾期不改正的，处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款。
If a nuclear facility operating unit, nuclear technology utilization unit, or radioactive solid waste storage or disposal unit fails to truthfully report relevant information in accordance with Article 32 of these Regulations, the competent department of environmental protection under the people's government at or above the county level shall order correction within a time limit and impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan; if correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed.
违反本条例规定，拒绝、阻碍环境保护主管部门或者其他有关部门的监督检查，或者在接受监督检查时弄虚作假的，由监督检查部门责令改正，处2万元以下的罚款；构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Whoever, in violation of these Regulations, refuses or obstructs supervision and inspection by the competent department of environmental protection or other relevant departments, or practices fraud during supervision and inspection, shall be ordered by the inspection department to correct and be fined not more than 20,000 yuan; if the act constitutes a violation of public security administration, the public security organ shall impose a public security administration penalty according to law; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law.
核设施营运单位、核技术利用单位或者放射性固体废物贮存、处置单位未按照规定对有关工作人员进行技术培训和考核的，由县级以上人民政府环境保护主管部门责令限期改正，处1万元以上5万元以下的罚款；逾期不改正的，处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款。
If a nuclear facility operating unit, nuclear technology utilization unit, or radioactive solid waste storage or disposal unit fails to provide technical training and assessment for relevant staff as required, the competent department of environmental protection under the people's government at or above the county level shall order correction within a time limit and impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan; if correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed.
违反本条例规定，向中华人民共和国境内输入放射性废物或者被放射性污染的物品，或者经中华人民共和国境内转移放射性废物或者被放射性污染的物品的，由海关责令退运该放射性废物或者被放射性污染的物品，并处50万元以上100万元以下的罚款；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Whoever, in violation of these Regulations, imports radioactive waste or radioactively contaminated articles into the territory of the People's Republic of China, or transits radioactive waste or radioactively contaminated articles through the territory of the People's Republic of China, shall be ordered by the customs to return the radioactive waste or radioactively contaminated articles and be fined not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 1,000,000 yuan; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law.
附则
Supplementary Provisions
军用设施、装备所产生的放射性废物的安全管理，依照《中华人民共和国放射性污染防治法》第六十条的规定执行。
The safety management of radioactive waste generated by military facilities and equipment shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of Article 60 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution.
放射性废物运输的安全管理、放射性废物造成污染事故的应急处理，以及劳动者在职业活动中接触放射性废物造成的职业病防治，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定执行。
The safety management of radioactive waste transport, emergency response to pollution accidents caused by radioactive waste, and the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases caused by exposure to radioactive waste in occupational activities shall be implemented in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.
本条例自2012年3月1日起施行。
These Regulations shall come into force as of March 1, 2012.