KYB CHINA(2024年9月18日国务院第41次常务会议通过 2024年9月30日中华人民共和国国务院令第792号公布 自2024年12月1日起施行)
(Adopted at the 41st Executive Meeting of the State Council on September 18, 2024, promulgated by Order No. 792 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on September 30, 2024, and effective as of December 1, 2024)
总 则
General Provisions
为了维护国家安全和利益，履行防扩散等国际义务，加强和规范两用物项出口管制，根据《中华人民共和国出口管制法》(以下简称出口管制法)等法律，制定本条例。
These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Export Control Law) and other laws, for the purpose of safeguarding national security and interests, fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation, and strengthening and standardizing the export control of dual-use items.
国家对两用物项的出口管制，适用本条例。
The state's export control of dual-use items shall be governed by these Regulations.
本条例所称两用物项，是指既有民事用途，又有军事用途或者有助于提升军事潜力，特别是可以用于设计、开发、生产或者使用大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具的货物、技术和服务，包括相关的技术资料等数据。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'dual-use items' refer to goods, technologies, and services that have both civil and military uses or contribute to the enhancement of military potential, especially those that can be used for the design, development, production, or use of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery, including related technical data and other data.
本条例所称出口管制，是指国家对从中华人民共和国境内向境外转移两用物项，以及中华人民共和国公民、法人和非法人组织向外国组织和个人提供两用物项，包括两用物项的贸易性出口及对外赠送、展览、合作、援助和以其他方式进行的转移，采取禁止或者限制性措施。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'export control' refers to the adoption of prohibitive or restrictive measures by the state on the transfer of dual-use items from within the territory of the People's Republic of China to outside the territory, as well as the provision of dual-use items by Chinese citizens, legal persons, and unincorporated organizations to foreign organizations and individuals, including commercial export of dual-use items and transfers by means of donation, exhibition, cooperation, assistance, and other methods.
两用物项出口管制工作坚持中国共产党的领导，坚持总体国家安全观，维护国际和平，统筹高质量发展和高水平安全，完善两用物项出口管制管理和服务，提升两用物项出口管制治理能力。
The export control of dual-use items shall adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, uphold a holistic approach to national security, maintain international peace, coordinate high-quality development with high-level security, improve the management and services of dual-use item export control, and enhance the governance capacity of dual-use item export control.
两用物项的出口及其相关活动，应当遵守法律、行政法规和国家有关规定，不得损害国家安全和利益。
The export of dual-use items and related activities shall comply with laws, administrative regulations, and relevant state provisions, and shall not harm national security and interests.
国家出口管制工作协调机制负责组织、指导两用物项出口管制工作，统筹协调两用物项出口管制重大事项。国务院商务主管部门负责两用物项出口管制工作，国家其他有关部门按照职责分工负责两用物项出口管制有关工作。国务院商务主管部门和国家其他有关部门应当密切配合，加强信息共享。
The national export control working coordination mechanism is responsible for organizing and guiding the export control of dual-use items, and coordinating major issues concerning the export control of dual-use items. The competent department of commerce under the State Council is responsible for the export control of dual-use items, and other relevant departments under the State Council shall be responsible for related work within their respective functions. The competent department of commerce under the State Council and other relevant departments under the State Council shall closely cooperate and strengthen information sharing.
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府商务主管部门可以受国务院商务主管部门的委托，开展两用物项出口管制有关工作。
The competent departments of commerce of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, upon entrustment by the competent department of commerce under the State Council, carry out work related to the export control of dual-use items.
国务院商务主管部门会同国家有关部门建立两用物项出口管制专家咨询机制，为两用物项出口管制工作提供咨询意见。专家应当维护国家安全和利益，客观、公正、科学、严谨地提供咨询意见，并对咨询中所知悉的国家秘密、工作秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私、个人信息等依法负有保密义务。
The competent department of commerce under the State Council shall, together with relevant state departments, establish an expert consultation mechanism for the export control of dual-use items to provide advisory opinions on the export control of dual-use items. Experts shall safeguard national security and interests, provide advisory opinions objectively, fairly, scientifically, and rigorously, and shall be obligated to maintain confidentiality of state secrets, work secrets, trade secrets, personal privacy, and personal information learned during consultations in accordance with the law.
国务院商务主管部门拟订并发布两用物项出口管制合规指南，鼓励和引导出口经营者以及为出口经营者提供货运、第三方电子商务交易平台和金融等服务的经营者建立健全两用物项出口管制内部合规制度，依法规范经营。
The competent department of commerce under the State Council shall formulate and publish compliance guidelines for the export control of dual-use items, encouraging and guiding export operators and operators providing services such as freight, third-party e-commerce trading platforms, and financial services to export operators to establish and improve internal compliance systems for the export control of dual-use items and to operate in accordance with the law.
国务院商务、外交主管部门会同国家其他有关部门加强两用物项出口管制国际合作，参与有关国际规则的制定。
The competent departments of commerce and foreign affairs under the State Council, together with other relevant state departments, shall strengthen international cooperation on the export control of dual-use items and participate in the formulation of relevant international rules.
国务院商务主管部门根据缔结或者参加的条约、协定，或者按照平等互惠原则，与其他国家和地区、国际组织等开展两用物项出口管制合作与交流。国家其他有关部门按照职责分工开展两用物项出口管制相关合作与交流。
The competent department of commerce under the State Council shall, in accordance with treaties or agreements concluded or acceded to, or on the principle of equality and mutual benefit, carry out cooperation and exchanges on the export control of dual-use items with other countries and regions, international organizations, etc. Other relevant state departments shall carry out cooperation and exchanges related to the export control of dual-use items in accordance with their respective responsibilities.
有关商会、协会等行业自律组织应当依照法律法规和章程的规定，为其成员提供与两用物项出口管制有关的信息咨询、宣传培训等服务，加强行业自律。
Relevant industry self-regulatory organizations such as chambers of commerce and associations shall, in accordance with laws, regulations, and their charters, provide their members with services such as information consultation, publicity, and training related to the export control of dual-use items, and strengthen industry self-discipline.
管 制 政 策
Control Policies
国务院商务主管部门会同国家有关部门制定、调整两用物项出口管制政策，其中重大政策应当报国务院批准，或者报国务院、中央军事委员会批准。
The competent department of commerce under the State Council, together with relevant state departments, shall formulate and adjust the export control policies for dual-use items. Major policies shall be reported to the State Council for approval, or to the State Council and the Central Military Commission for approval.
国务院商务主管部门会同外交、海关等国家有关部门可以结合下列因素对两用物项出口目的国家和地区进行评估，确定风险等级，采取相应的管制措施：
The competent department of commerce under the State Council, together with relevant state departments such as foreign affairs and customs, may assess countries and regions that are destinations for the export of dual-use items based on the following factors, determine risk levels, and take corresponding control measures:
(一)对国家安全和利益的影响；
(1) Impact on national security and interests;
(二)履行防扩散等国际义务的需要；
(2) Need to fulfill international obligations such as non-proliferation;
(三)履行我国缔结或者参加的条约、协定的需要；
(3) The need to fulfill treaties or agreements concluded or acceded to by China;
(四)执行联合国安全理事会作出的具有约束力的相关决议和措施等的需要；
(4) The need to implement binding resolutions and measures adopted by the United Nations Security Council;
(五)其他需要考虑的因素。
(5) Other factors that need to be considered.
国务院商务主管部门依据出口管制法和本条例的规定，根据两用物项出口管制政策，按照规定程序会同国家有关部门制定、调整两用物项出口管制清单，并及时公布。
The competent department of commerce under the State Council shall, in accordance with the provisions of the Export Control Law and these Regulations, formulate and adjust the export control list of dual-use items based on the export control policies for dual-use items, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State, following the prescribed procedures, and publish it in a timely manner.
制定、调整两用物项出口管制清单可以以适当方式征求有关企业、商会、协会等方面意见，必要时开展产业调查和评估。
When formulating or adjusting the export control list of dual-use items, opinions from relevant enterprises, chambers of commerce, associations, and other parties may be solicited in an appropriate manner, and industrial investigations and assessments may be conducted when necessary.
根据维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务的需要，经国务院批准，或者经国务院、中央军事委员会批准，国务院商务主管部门可以对两用物项出口管制清单以外的货物、技术和服务实施临时管制，并予以公告。临时管制的实施期限每次不超过2年。临时管制实施期限届满前应当及时进行评估，根据评估结果作出以下决定：
When necessary for safeguarding national security and interests, or fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation, with the approval of the State Council, or with the approval of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, the competent department of commerce under the State Council may impose temporary controls on goods, technologies, and services not included in the export control list of dual-use items, and shall announce such controls. The duration of temporary controls shall not exceed two years each time. Before the expiration of the temporary control period, a timely assessment shall be conducted, and a decision shall be made based on the assessment results as follows:
(一)不再需要实施管制的，取消临时管制；
(1) If controls are no longer necessary, the temporary controls shall be lifted;
(二)需要继续实施管制但不宜列入两用物项出口管制清单的，延长临时管制，延长临时管制不超过2次；
(2) If controls need to continue but it is not appropriate to include the items in the export control list of dual-use items, the temporary controls shall be extended, with no more than two extensions;
(三)需要长期实施管制的，列入两用物项出口管制清单。
(3) If long-term controls are necessary, the items shall be included in the export control list of dual-use items.
根据维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务的需要，经国务院批准，或者经国务院、中央军事委员会批准，国务院商务主管部门会同国家有关部门可以禁止特定两用物项的出口，或者禁止特定两用物项向特定目的国家和地区、特定组织和个人出口。
When necessary for safeguarding national security and interests, or fulfilling international obligations such as non-proliferation, with the approval of the State Council, or with the approval of the State Council and the Central Military Commission, the competent department of commerce under the State Council, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State, may prohibit the export of specific dual-use items, or prohibit the export of specific dual-use items to specific destination countries or regions, specific organizations, or specific individuals.
管 制 措 施
Control Measures
第一节 两用物项出口许可
Section 1: Export Licensing of Dual-Use Items
国家对两用物项的出口实行许可制度。
The state implements a licensing system for the export of dual-use items.
出口两用物项出口管制清单所列两用物项或者实施临时管制的两用物项，出口经营者应当向国务院商务主管部门申请许可。
For the export of dual-use items listed in the Dual-Use Items Export Control List or dual-use items subject to temporary control, the export operator shall apply to the competent department of commerce of the State Council for a license.
相关货物、技术和服务存在出口管制法第十二条第三款规定情形的，出口经营者应当依照出口管制法和本条例的规定向国务院商务主管部门申请许可。法律、行政法规、军事法规另有规定的，从其规定。
Where the relevant goods, technologies, and services fall under the circumstances specified in Article 12, paragraph 3 of the Export Control Law, the export operator shall apply to the competent department of commerce of the State Council for a license in accordance with the Export Control Law and these Regulations. Where laws, administrative regulations, or military regulations provide otherwise, those provisions shall prevail.
出口经营者应当了解拟出口货物、技术和服务的性能指标、主要用途等，确定其是否属于两用物项；无法确定的，可以向国务院商务主管部门提出咨询，国务院商务主管部门应当及时答复。出口经营者提出咨询的，应当同时提供拟出口货物、技术和服务的性能指标、主要用途以及无法确定是否属于两用物项的原因。
Export operators shall understand the performance indicators, main uses, etc., of the goods, technologies, and services to be exported, and determine whether they are dual-use items; if unable to determine, they may consult the competent department of commerce of the State Council, which shall respond in a timely manner. When consulting, the export operator shall simultaneously provide the performance indicators, main uses, and the reasons for being unable to determine whether the goods, technologies, and services are dual-use items.
出口两用物项应当依照出口管制法和本条例的规定获得单项许可、通用许可，或者以登记填报信息方式获得出口凭证。
The export of dual-use items shall obtain a single license, a general license, or an export certificate by registering and filling in information in accordance with the Export Control Law and these Regulations.
单项许可允许出口经营者在出口许可证件载明的范围、条件和有效期内，向单一最终用户进行一次特定两用物项出口。单项许可的有效期不超过1年，有效期内完成出口的，出口许可证件自动失效。
A single license allows the export operator to carry out a one-time export of a specific dual-use item to a single end-user within the scope, conditions, and validity period specified in the export license. The validity period of a single license shall not exceed one year; if the export is completed within the validity period, the export license shall automatically become invalid.
通用许可允许出口经营者在出口许可证件载明的范围、条件和有效期内，向单一或者多个最终用户进行多次特定两用物项出口。通用许可的有效期不超过3年。
A general license allows the export operator to carry out multiple exports of specific dual-use items to a single or multiple end-users within the scope, conditions, and validity period specified in the export license. The validity period of a general license shall not exceed three years.
以登记填报信息方式获得出口凭证出口的，出口经营者应当在特定两用物项每次出口前向国务院商务主管部门办理登记，按照规定如实填报相关信息获得出口凭证后，凭出口凭证自行出口。
For exports by obtaining an export certificate through registration and information filing, the export operator shall register with the competent department of commerce of the State Council before each export of specific dual-use items, truthfully fill in the relevant information as required, obtain the export certificate, and then export on their own with the export certificate.
出口经营者申请单项许可，应当通过书面方式或者数据电文方式向国务院商务主管部门提出申请，如实填写两用物项出口申请表，并提交下列材料：
An export operator applying for an individual license shall submit an application to the competent department of commerce of the State Council in writing or by electronic data message, truthfully fill in the dual-use item export application form, and submit the following materials:
(一)申请人的法定代表人、主要经营管理人以及经办人的身份证明；
(1) Identity documents of the legal representative, principal management personnel, and handling personnel of the applicant;
(二)与两用物项出口有关的合同、协议的副本或者其他证明文件；
(2) Copies of contracts or agreements related to the export of dual-use items, or other supporting documents;
(三)两用物项的技术说明或者检测报告；
(3) Technical descriptions or test reports of the dual-use items;
(四)两用物项的最终用户和最终用途证明文件；
(4) Documents certifying the end-user and end-use of the dual-use items;
(五)国务院商务主管部门要求提交的其他材料。
(5) Other materials required by the competent department of commerce of the State Council.
出口经营者建立两用物项出口管制内部合规制度且运行良好，具有相关两用物项出口记录和相对固定的出口渠道及最终用户的，可以向国务院商务主管部门申请通用许可。申请通用许可，除前款规定的材料外，还应当提交下列材料：
An export operator that has established an internal compliance system for dual-use item export control, which operates well, has relevant export records of dual-use items, and has relatively fixed export channels and end-users, may apply to the competent department of commerce of the State Council for a general license. When applying for a general license, in addition to the materials specified in the preceding paragraph, the following materials shall also be submitted:
(一)两用物项出口管制内部合规制度运行情况说明；
(1) A statement on the operation of the internal compliance system for dual-use item export control;
(二)两用物项出口许可证件申领及使用情况说明；
(2) A statement on the application and use of dual-use item export licenses;
(三)两用物项出口渠道及最终用户有关情况说明。
(3) A statement on the export channels and end-users of dual-use items.
国务院商务主管部门应当自受理两用物项出口许可申请之日起，单独或者会同国家有关部门依照出口管制法和本条例的规定对出口许可申请进行审查，在45个工作日内作出准予或者不予许可的决定。准予许可的，由国务院商务主管部门颁发出口许可证件；不予许可的，应当书面告知申请人。
The competent department of commerce under the State Council shall, from the date of accepting an application for an export license for dual-use items, review the application independently or jointly with relevant state departments in accordance with the Export Control Law and these Regulations, and make a decision to grant or deny the license within 45 working days. If the license is granted, the competent department of commerce under the State Council shall issue the export license document; if denied, the applicant shall be notified in writing.
对国家安全和利益有重大影响的两用物项出口，国务院商务主管部门应当会同国家有关部门报国务院批准，或者报国务院、中央军事委员会批准。需要报国务院批准，或者报国务院、中央军事委员会批准的，不受前款规定出口许可审查期限的限制。
For the export of dual-use items that have a significant impact on national security and interests, the competent department of commerce under the State Council shall, jointly with relevant state departments, submit the matter to the State Council for approval, or to the State Council and the Central Military Commission for approval. Where approval by the State Council or by the State Council and the Central Military Commission is required, the time limit for export license review as stipulated in the preceding paragraph shall not apply.
国务院商务主管部门对出口许可申请进行审查，依法需要组织鉴别，征询专家意见，或者对出口经营者、最终用户进行实地核查的，所需时间不计算在本条第一款规定的出口许可审查期限内。
Where, during the review of an export license application, the competent department of commerce under the State Council needs to organize identification, seek expert opinions, or conduct on-site verification of the exporter or end-user, the time required for such activities shall not be counted within the export license review period specified in the first paragraph of this Article.
出口经营者应当按照出口许可证件载明的范围、条件和有效期出口两用物项并报告实际出口运输、运抵、安装、使用等情况。
Exporters shall export dual-use items within the scope, conditions, and validity period specified in the export license document, and shall report the actual export transportation, arrival, installation, and use.
出口许可证件有效期内，出口经营者需要改变两用物项的种类、出口目的国家和地区、最终用户、最终用途等关键要素的，应当依照本条例的规定重新申请两用物项出口许可，交回原出口许可证件，并暂时停止出口。
If, during the validity period of the export license document, the exporter needs to change key elements such as the type of dual-use items, the destination country or region, the end-user, or the end-use, the exporter shall re-apply for an export license for dual-use items in accordance with these Regulations, return the original export license document, and temporarily suspend export.
出口许可证件有效期内，出口经营者需要改变两用物项出口涉及的其他非关键要素的，应当向国务院商务主管部门提出变更两用物项出口许可申请，如实提交有关证明材料，暂时停止使用出口许可证件。国务院商务主管部门应当自受理变更申请之日起20个工作日内作出是否准予变更的决定，并书面告知出口经营者。准予变更的，颁发新的出口许可证件，并注销原出口许可证件；不予变更的，出口经营者应当按照原出口许可证件载明的范围、条件和有效期出口两用物项。
If, during the validity period of the export license document, the exporter needs to change other non-key elements related to the export of dual-use items, the exporter shall submit an application to the competent department of commerce under the State Council for modification of the export license for dual-use items, truthfully submit relevant supporting materials, and temporarily suspend the use of the export license document. The competent department of commerce under the State Council shall, within 20 working days from the date of accepting the modification application, make a decision on whether to approve the modification and notify the exporter in writing. If the modification is approved, a new export license document shall be issued and the original export license document shall be canceled; if not approved, the exporter shall export dual-use items within the scope, conditions, and validity period specified in the original export license document.
国务院商务主管部门发现准予两用物项出口许可所依据的出口管制法第十三条规定的因素发生重大变化的，应当通知出口经营者暂时停止使用出口许可证件。经核查，有关变化可能对国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务产生重大风险的，应当依法撤回、撤销或者要求出口经营者申请变更相关两用物项出口许可；没有前述风险的，应当及时通知出口经营者恢复使用相关出口许可证件。
If the competent department of commerce under the State Council finds that the factors specified in Article 13 of the Export Control Law, on the basis of which the export license for dual-use items was granted, have undergone significant changes, it shall notify the exporter to temporarily suspend the use of the export license document. Upon verification, if such changes may pose significant risks to national security and interests or the fulfillment of international obligations such as non-proliferation, the competent department shall, in accordance with the law, withdraw, revoke, or require the exporter to apply for modification of the relevant export license for dual-use items; if no such risks exist, the competent department shall promptly notify the exporter to resume the use of the relevant export license document.
出口特定两用物项符合下列情形之一的，国务院商务主管部门允许出口经营者在每次出口前以登记填报信息方式获得出口凭证后自行出口：
Where the export of specific dual-use items meets any of the following conditions, the competent department of commerce under the State Council allows the exporter to obtain an export certificate by registering and filling in information before each export, and then export on its own:
(一)进境检修、试验或者检测后在合理期限内复运给原出口地的原最终用户；
(1) Items that are brought into China for repair, testing, or inspection and are re-exported to the original end-user in the original exporting country within a reasonable period;
(二)出境检修、试验或者检测后在合理期限内复运进境；
(2) Items that are taken out of China for repair, testing, or inspection and are re-imported into China within a reasonable period.
(三)参加在中华人民共和国境内举办的展览会，在展览会结束后立即原样复运回原出口地；
(3) Participating in an exhibition held within the territory of the People's Republic of China, and re-exporting the items in their original state immediately after the exhibition ends;
(四)参加在中华人民共和国境外举办的展览会，在展览会结束后立即原样复运进境；
(4) Participating in an exhibition held outside the territory of the People's Republic of China, and re-importing the items in their original state immediately after the exhibition ends;
(五)民用飞机零部件的出境维修、备品备件出口；
(5) Outbound maintenance of civil aircraft parts and export of spare parts;
(六)国务院商务主管部门规定的其他情形。
(6) Other circumstances prescribed by the competent department of commerce of the State Council.
前款规定的特定两用物项出口要素发生变化的，出口经营者应当重新登记填报信息获得新的出口凭证，或者依据本条例第十六条的规定申请单项许可或者通用许可。
If the export elements of the specific dual-use items specified in the preceding paragraph change, the export operator shall re-register and fill in the information to obtain a new export certificate, or apply for a single license or a general license in accordance with Article 16 of these Regulations.
出口经营者知道或者应当知道出口不再符合本条第一款规定情形，或者接到国务院商务主管部门通知的，应当立即停止出口并向国务院商务主管部门报告。
If the export operator knows or should know that the export no longer meets the circumstances specified in paragraph 1 of this article, or receives a notice from the competent department of commerce of the State Council, it shall immediately stop the export and report to the competent department of commerce of the State Council.
出口经营者有下列情形之一的，不得申请通用许可或者以登记填报信息方式获得出口凭证：
An export operator shall not apply for a general license or obtain an export certificate by means of registration and information filing under any of the following circumstances:
(一)单位因两用物项出口管制违法行为受过刑事处罚，或者其与两用物项出口相关的直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员因两用物项出口管制违法行为受过刑事处罚；
(1) The entity has been subject to criminal punishment for violations of export control of dual-use items, or its directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel related to the export of dual-use items have been subject to criminal punishment for violations of export control of dual-use items;
(二)5年内因两用物项出口管制违法行为受过行政处罚且情节严重；
(2) Within five years, it has been subject to administrative punishment for violations of export control of dual-use items and the circumstances are serious;
(三)属于列入本条例第二十八条规定的管控名单内的境外组织和个人在中华人民共和国境内设立的独资企业、代表机构、分支机构；
(3) It is a wholly-owned enterprise, representative office, or branch established within the territory of the People's Republic of China by a foreign organization or individual included in the control list specified in Article 28 of these Regulations.
(四)国务院商务主管部门规定的其他情形。
(4) Other circumstances prescribed by the competent department of commerce of the State Council.
已经获得通用许可或者以登记填报信息方式获得出口凭证的出口经营者出现前款规定情形的，国务院商务主管部门应当撤销其已经获得的出口许可证件；需要继续出口的，出口经营者应当依照本条例第十六条第一款的规定申请单项许可。
If an exporter that has obtained a general license or an export certificate by means of registration and information filing falls under the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph, the competent department of commerce of the State Council shall revoke the export license it has obtained; if it needs to continue exporting, the exporter shall apply for a single-item license in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 16 of these Regulations.
出口货物的发货人或者代理报关企业出口两用物项时，应当向海关交验由国务院商务主管部门颁发的出口许可证件，并按照国家有关规定办理出口报关手续；不能提供出口许可证件的，海关不予放行。
When exporting dual-use items, the consignor of the export goods or the customs broker shall present to the customs the export license issued by the competent department of commerce of the State Council and go through the export customs declaration procedures in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state; if the export license cannot be provided, the customs shall not release the goods.
出口货物的发货人未向海关提交或者未如实交验由国务院商务主管部门颁发的出口许可证件，海关有证据表明出口货物可能属于两用物项出口管制范围的，应当向出口货物发货人提出质疑，出口货物发货人应当向海关提供出口货物合同、性能指标、主要用途等证明材料。在质疑期间，海关可以向国务院商务主管部门提出组织鉴别，并根据国务院商务主管部门作出的鉴别结论依法处置。在质疑、鉴别期间，海关对出口货物不予放行。
If the consignor of the export goods fails to submit to the customs or fails to truthfully present the export license issued by the competent department of commerce of the State Council, and the customs has evidence that the export goods may fall within the scope of export control of dual-use items, the customs shall raise a query to the consignor of the export goods, and the consignor of the export goods shall provide the customs with supporting materials such as the export goods contract, performance indicators, and main uses. During the query period, the customs may request the competent department of commerce of the State Council to organize an identification, and shall handle the matter according to law based on the identification conclusion made by the competent department of commerce of the State Council. During the query and identification period, the customs shall not release the export goods.
出口货物存在本条例第十四条第三款、第十八条第四款、第二十五条规定情形，国务院商务主管部门知悉相关情况的，应当及时通知海关；海关收到国务院商务主管部门通知时，出口货物已向海关申报出口但尚未放行的，应当不予放行并依法处置。
If the export goods fall under the circumstances specified in Article 14(3), Article 18(4), or Article 25 of these Regulations, and the competent department of commerce of the State Council becomes aware of the relevant situation, it shall promptly notify the customs; if the customs receives the notification from the competent department of commerce of the State Council when the export goods have been declared to the customs for export but have not yet been released, the customs shall not release them and shall handle them according to law.
第二节 最终用户和最终用途管理
Section 2: End-User and End-Use Management
国务院商务主管部门建立两用物项最终用户和最终用途风险管理制度，对两用物项的最终用户和最终用途进行评估、核查，加强最终用户和最终用途管理。
The competent department of commerce of the State Council shall establish a risk management system for end-users and end-uses of dual-use items, conduct assessment and verification of the end-users and end-uses of dual-use items, and strengthen the management of end-users and end-uses.
出口经营者申请两用物项出口许可时应当提交最终用户出具的最终用户和最终用途证明文件。国务院商务主管部门可以要求出口经营者同时提交由最终用户所在国家和地区政府机构出具或者认证的最终用户和最终用途证明文件。
When applying for an export license for dual-use items, the exporter shall submit the end-user and end-use certification documents issued by the end-user. The competent department of commerce of the State Council may require the exporter to also submit end-user and end-use certification documents issued or certified by the government agency of the country or region where the end-user is located.
两用物项的最终用户应当按照国务院商务主管部门要求作出承诺，未经国务院商务主管部门允许，不得擅自改变两用物项的最终用途或者向任何第三方转让。
The end-user of dual-use items shall make a commitment as required by the competent department of commerce of the State Council, and shall not change the end-use of the dual-use items or transfer them to any third party without the permission of the competent department of commerce of the State Council.
出口经营者、进口商发现两用物项出口存在下列情形的，应当立即停止出口，向国务院商务主管部门报告并配合核查；国务院商务主管部门依据本条例第十八条规定予以处理：
If an exporter or importer discovers any of the following circumstances in the export of dual-use items, it shall immediately stop the export, report to the competent department of commerce of the State Council, and cooperate with the verification; the competent department of commerce of the State Council shall handle the matter in accordance with Article 18 of these Regulations:
(一)两用物项最终用户、最终用途已经改变或者可能改变；
(1) The end-user or end-use of the dual-use item has changed or may change;
(二)两用物项最终用户和最终用途证明文件存在伪造、变造、失效等情形；
(2) The end-user and end-use certification documents for the dual-use item are forged, altered, invalid, or otherwise;
(三)以欺骗、贿赂等不正当手段获取两用物项最终用户和最终用途证明文件。
(3) The end-user and end-use certification documents for the dual-use item were obtained through improper means such as fraud or bribery.
国务院商务主管部门依法开展两用物项最终用户和最终用途核查，有关组织和个人应当予以配合。进口商、最终用户未在规定期限内配合核查、提供有关证明材料，导致无法核实两用物项最终用户、最终用途的，国务院商务主管部门可以将有关进口商、最终用户列入关注名单。
The competent department of commerce under the State Council shall conduct end-user and end-use verification of dual-use items in accordance with the law, and relevant organizations and individuals shall cooperate. If the importer or end-user fails to cooperate with the verification or provide relevant supporting materials within the prescribed time limit, making it impossible to verify the end-user or end-use of the dual-use item, the competent department of commerce under the State Council may include the importer or end-user in a watch list.
出口经营者向列入关注名单的进口商、最终用户出口两用物项，不得申请通用许可或者以登记填报信息方式获得出口凭证；申请单项许可时，应当提交对列入关注名单的进口商、最终用户的风险评估报告，并作出遵守出口管制法律法规和相关要求的承诺。许可审查期限不受本条例第十七条第一款规定期限的限制。
Exporters exporting dual-use items to importers or end-users on the watch list shall not apply for a general license or obtain an export certificate by registering and filling in information; when applying for a single license, they shall submit a risk assessment report on the importers or end-users on the watch list and make a commitment to comply with export control laws, regulations, and relevant requirements. The review period for the license shall not be subject to the time limit prescribed in the first paragraph of Article 17 of these Regulations.
本条第一款规定的进口商、最终用户配合核查，经核实不存在擅自改变最终用途、擅自向第三方转让等情形的，国务院商务主管部门可以将其移出关注名单。
If the importer or end-user specified in the first paragraph of this Article cooperates with the verification and it is verified that there is no unauthorized change of end-use or unauthorized transfer to a third party, the competent department of commerce under the State Council may remove them from the watch list.
出口经营者应当妥善保存与两用物项出口有关的最终用户和最终用途证明文件以及合同、发票、账册、单据、业务函电等相关资料，保存期限不少于5年。法律、行政法规另有规定的，从其规定。
Exporters shall properly keep the end-user and end-use certification documents related to the export of dual-use items, as well as contracts, invoices, account books, documents, business correspondence, and other relevant materials, for a period of not less than five years. Where laws or administrative regulations provide otherwise, those provisions shall prevail.
第三节 管 控 名 单
Section 3: Control List
国务院商务主管部门依职权或者根据有关方面的建议、举报，可以决定将有下列情形之一的进口商、最终用户列入管控名单：
The competent department of commerce under the State Council, ex officio or based on suggestions or reports from relevant parties, may decide to include importers or end-users that fall under any of the following circumstances in a control list:
(一)违反最终用户或者最终用途管理要求；
(1) Violating the end-user or end-use management requirements;
(二)可能危害国家安全和利益；
(2) May endanger national security and interests;
(三)将两用物项用于恐怖主义目的。
(3) Use dual-use items for terrorist purposes.
进口商、最终用户有下列情形之一，危害国家安全和利益的，按照前款规定执行：
If an importer or end-user falls under any of the following circumstances and endangers national security and interests, the preceding paragraph shall apply:
(一)将两用物项用于设计、开发、生产或者使用大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具；
(1) Use dual-use items for designing, developing, producing, or using weapons of mass destruction and their delivery systems;
(二)被国家有关部门依法采取禁止或者限制有关交易、合作等措施。
(2) Have been subject to measures such as prohibition or restriction of relevant transactions or cooperation by relevant state authorities in accordance with the law.
依照本条例第二十六条规定列入关注名单的进口商、最终用户存在本条第一款、第二款规定情形的，国务院商务主管部门可以将其列入管控名单，同时移出关注名单。
If an importer or end-user included in the watch list pursuant to Article 26 of these Regulations falls under the circumstances specified in the first or second paragraph of this Article, the competent department of commerce of the State Council may place them on the control list and simultaneously remove them from the watch list.
国务院商务主管部门可以根据情节轻重和具体情况，对列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户采取下列一种或者几种措施：
The competent department of commerce of the State Council may, based on the severity and specific circumstances, take one or more of the following measures against importers or end-users on the control list:
(一)禁止有关两用物项交易；
(1) Prohibit transactions involving relevant dual-use items;
(二)限制有关两用物项交易；
(2) Restrict transactions involving relevant dual-use items;
(三)责令中止有关两用物项出口；
(3) Order the suspension of exports of relevant dual-use items;
(四)其他必要的措施。
(4) Other necessary measures.
出口经营者不得违反规定与列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户进行有关两用物项交易。特殊情况下确需进行有关交易的，出口经营者应当向国务院商务主管部门提出申请，经批准后可以与该进口商、最终用户进行相应的交易并按要求报告。
Export operators shall not engage in transactions related to dual-use items with importers or end-users on the control list in violation of regulations. If a transaction is truly necessary under special circumstances, the export operator shall apply to the competent department of commerce of the State Council, and upon approval, may conduct the corresponding transaction with such importer or end-user and report as required.
列入管控名单的进口商、最终用户配合国务院商务主管部门调查，如实陈述有关事实，停止违法行为，主动采取措施，消除危害后果，按要求作出并履行承诺，不再有本条例第二十八条规定情形的，可以向国务院商务主管部门申请移出管控名单。国务院商务主管部门可以根据实际情况，作出将其移出管控名单的决定。
If an importer or end-user on the control list cooperates with the investigation by the competent department of commerce of the State Council, truthfully states the facts, ceases the illegal act, proactively takes measures to eliminate harmful consequences, makes and fulfills commitments as required, and no longer falls under the circumstances specified in Article 28 of these Regulations, it may apply to the competent department of commerce of the State Council to be removed from the control list. The competent department of commerce of the State Council may, based on the actual circumstances, decide to remove it from the control list.
监 督 检 查
Supervision and Inspection
国家建立健全两用物项出口管制执法协作制度，加强全过程监管，及时发现、制止和查处两用物项出口违法行为。
The state shall establish and improve a coordination mechanism for law enforcement on export control of dual-use items, strengthen supervision throughout the entire process, and promptly detect, stop, and investigate illegal activities related to the export of dual-use items.
国务院商务主管部门依法对两用物项出口活动开展监督执法。
The competent department of commerce of the State Council shall conduct supervision and law enforcement over export activities of dual-use items in accordance with the law.
国务院商务主管部门单独或者会同国家有关部门依法对两用物项出口活动进行监督检查、对涉嫌违法行为进行调查，有关组织和个人应当予以配合，不得拒绝、阻碍。
The competent department of commerce of the State Council, alone or jointly with relevant state departments, shall conduct supervision and inspection of export activities of dual-use items and investigate suspected illegal activities in accordance with the law. Relevant organizations and individuals shall cooperate and shall not refuse or obstruct.
进行监督检查、案件调查的执法人员不得少于2人，应当主动出示执法证件和相关法律文书，可以采取出口管制法第二十八条规定的措施；少于2人或者未出示执法证件和相关法律文书的，被检查、调查的组织和个人有权拒绝。
The number of law enforcement personnel conducting supervision, inspection, or case investigation shall not be less than two, and they shall proactively present their law enforcement credentials and relevant legal documents. They may take the measures specified in Article 28 of the Export Control Law. If the number is less than two or the law enforcement credentials and relevant legal documents are not presented, the inspected or investigated organization or individual has the right to refuse.
国务院商务主管部门依职权或者根据海关提出的组织鉴别需要，组织开展相关两用物项鉴别，可以委托有关专业机构或者相关领域专家提供鉴别意见。
The competent department of commerce of the State Council, ex officio or based on the identification needs proposed by the customs, shall organize the identification of relevant dual-use items and may entrust relevant professional institutions or experts in relevant fields to provide identification opinions.
国务院商务主管部门依职权或者根据有关方面的建议、举报，发现有关组织和个人存在两用物项出口违法风险的，可以采取监管谈话、出具警示函等措施。
If the competent department of commerce of the State Council, ex officio or based on suggestions or reports from relevant parties, discovers that relevant organizations or individuals have risks of violating export control of dual-use items, it may take measures such as regulatory talks or issuing warning letters.
出口经营者发现或者接到国务院商务主管部门通知，其出口活动存在本条例第十四条第三款、第十八条第四款、第二十五条规定情形的，应当及时将有关情况报告国务院商务主管部门，按要求采取措施消除或者减轻危害，并配合调查处理。
If an exporter discovers or receives a notification from the competent department of commerce of the State Council that its export activities fall under the circumstances specified in Article 14, paragraph 3, Article 18, paragraph 4, or Article 25 of these Regulations, it shall promptly report the relevant information to the competent department of commerce of the State Council, take measures as required to eliminate or mitigate the harm, and cooperate with the investigation and handling.
任何组织和个人不得为两用物项出口管制违法行为提供代理、货运、寄递、报关、第三方电子商务交易平台和金融等服务。提供代理、货运、寄递、报关、第三方电子商务交易平台和金融等服务的经营者发现涉嫌两用物项出口管制违法行为的，应当及时向国务院商务主管部门报告，国务院商务主管部门应当及时核实、处理。
No organization or individual may provide services such as agency, freight forwarding, courier, customs declaration, third-party e-commerce trading platforms, or financial services for illegal acts related to the export control of dual-use items. Operators providing services such as agency, freight forwarding, courier, customs declaration, third-party e-commerce trading platforms, or financial services who discover suspected illegal acts related to the export control of dual-use items shall promptly report to the competent department of commerce of the State Council, and the competent department of commerce of the State Council shall promptly verify and handle the matter.
国务院商务主管部门根据国内进口经营者和最终用户的申请，可以向其他国家和地区政府出具最终用户和最终用途说明文件，并对相关事宜实施管理。
The competent department of commerce of the State Council may, upon application by domestic import operators and end-users, issue end-user and end-use certification documents to the governments of other countries and regions, and manage related matters.
国内进口经营者和最终用户申请最终用户和最终用途说明文件，应当按照国务院商务主管部门要求如实提交有关材料，严格履行获得说明文件时作出的承诺，并接受国务院商务主管部门的监督检查。
Domestic import operators and end-users applying for end-user and end-use certification documents shall truthfully submit relevant materials as required by the competent department of commerce of the State Council, strictly fulfill the commitments made when obtaining the certification documents, and accept supervision and inspection by the competent department of commerce of the State Council.
中华人民共和国公民、法人、非法人组织接到外国政府提出的与出口管制相关的访问、现场核查等要求，应当立即向国务院商务主管部门报告。未经国务院商务主管部门同意，不得接受或者承诺接受外国政府的相关访问、现场核查等。
If a citizen, legal person, or unincorporated organization of the People's Republic of China receives a request from a foreign government for visits, on-site inspections, or other matters related to export control, it shall immediately report to the competent department of commerce of the State Council. Without the consent of the competent department of commerce of the State Council, it shall not accept or promise to accept such visits, on-site inspections, or other matters from foreign governments.
法 律 责 任
Legal Responsibilities
出口经营者有下列行为之一的，依照出口管制法第三十四条的规定进行处罚：
If an exporter commits any of the following acts, it shall be penalized in accordance with Article 34 of the Export Control Law:
(一)未经许可擅自出口两用物项；
(1) Exporting dual-use items without authorization;
(二)超出出口许可证件载明的范围、条件和有效期出口两用物项；
(2) Exporting dual-use items beyond the scope, conditions, or validity period specified in the export license;
(三)出口禁止出口的两用物项；
(3) Exporting dual-use items that are prohibited for export;
(四)以改造、拆分为部件或者组件等方式规避许可出口两用物项；
(4) Circumventing the licensed export of dual-use items by means such as modification, splitting into components or parts;
(五)存在本条例第十八条规定情形，违规使用许可证件出口。
(5) Using licenses to export in violation of the provisions of Article 18 of these Regulations.
出口经营者违反本条例规定，未履行报告义务的，给予警告，责令改正；情节严重的，没收违法所得，违法经营额50万元以上的，并处违法经营额5倍以上10倍以下罚款；没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足50万元的，并处50万元以上300万元以下罚款。
If an export operator violates these Regulations by failing to fulfill the reporting obligation, a warning shall be given and a correction ordered; if the circumstances are serious, the illegal income shall be confiscated, and if the illegal business turnover is 500,000 yuan or more, a fine of not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the illegal business turnover shall be imposed; if there is no illegal business turnover or the illegal business turnover is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 3 million yuan shall be imposed.
提供代理、货运、寄递、报关、第三方电子商务交易平台和金融等服务的经营者违反本条例第三十六条规定，未履行报告义务的，给予警告，责令改正，可以处10万元以下罚款；情节严重的，并处10万元以上50万元以下罚款。
If an operator providing services such as agency, freight, delivery, customs declaration, third-party e-commerce trading platform, and finance violates the provisions of Article 36 of these Regulations by failing to fulfill the reporting obligation, a warning shall be given and a correction ordered, and a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan may be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall also be imposed.
教唆、帮助出口经营者、进口商、最终用户规避出口管制法和本条例的规定实施违法行为的，给予警告，责令停止违法行为，没收违法所得，违法所得10万元以上的，并处违法所得3倍以上5倍以下罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足10万元的，并处10万元以上50万元以下罚款。
If a person instigates or assists an export operator, importer, or end-user to circumvent the provisions of the Export Control Law and these Regulations to commit illegal acts, a warning shall be given, the illegal act ordered to cease, the illegal income confiscated, and if the illegal income is 100,000 yuan or more, a fine of not less than 3 times but not more than 5 times the illegal income shall be imposed; if there is no illegal income or the illegal income is less than 100,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed.
国内进口经营者和最终用户违反其向国务院商务主管部门作出承诺的，给予警告，责令改正，没收违法所得，违法经营额50万元以上的，并处违法经营额3倍以上5倍以下罚款；没有违法经营额或者违法经营额不足50万元的，并处30万元以上300万元以下罚款。国务院商务主管部门可以自处罚决定生效之日起5年内不受理其提出的最终用户和最终用途说明文件办理申请。
If a domestic importer or end-user violates the commitments made to the competent department of commerce of the State Council, a warning shall be given, a correction ordered, the illegal income confiscated, and if the illegal business turnover is 500,000 yuan or more, a fine of not less than 3 times but not more than 5 times the illegal business turnover shall be imposed; if there is no illegal business turnover or the illegal business turnover is less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 300,000 yuan but not more than 3 million yuan shall be imposed. The competent department of commerce of the State Council may, within 5 years from the date the penalty decision takes effect, refuse to accept their applications for processing end-user and end-use certification documents.
违反本条例规定，擅自接受或者承诺接受外国政府提出的与出口管制相关的访问、现场核查等要求的，给予警告，并处50万元以下罚款；情节严重的，并处50万元以上300万元以下罚款；情节特别严重的，责令停业整顿。
If a person, in violation of these Regulations, without authorization accepts or promises to accept requests from foreign governments related to export control, such as visits or on-site inspections, a warning shall be given and a fine of not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 3 million yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are especially serious, the business shall be ordered to suspend operations for rectification.
提供咨询、鉴别意见的专家、专业机构违反职业道德和本条例规定的，予以通报批评、责令限期整改；情节严重的，取消其咨询、鉴别资格，并依法追究相应法律责任。
If experts or professional institutions providing consulting or appraisal opinions violate professional ethics and the provisions of these Regulations, they shall be notified and criticized, and ordered to rectify within a time limit; if the circumstances are serious, their consulting or appraisal qualifications shall be revoked, and corresponding legal liability shall be pursued according to law.
本条例规定的两用物项出口管制违法行为，由国务院商务主管部门进行处罚；法律、行政法规规定由海关处罚的，由其依照出口管制法和本条例进行处罚。
The illegal acts of export control of dual-use items specified in these Regulations shall be punished by the competent department of commerce of the State Council; if laws or administrative regulations stipulate that the customs shall impose punishment, the customs shall impose punishment in accordance with the Export Control Law and these Regulations.
违反出口管制法和本条例规定，危害国家安全和利益的，除依照出口管制法和本条例规定处罚外，还应当依照有关法律、行政法规、部门规章的规定进行处理和处罚。
If a person violates the Export Control Law and these Regulations, endangering national security and interests, in addition to punishment in accordance with the Export Control Law and these Regulations, the person shall also be dealt with and punished in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws, administrative regulations, and departmental rules.
违反出口管制法和本条例规定，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Violations of the Export Control Law and these Regulations that constitute a crime shall be subject to criminal liability in accordance with the law.
附 则
Supplementary Provisions
出口管制法第二条规定的其他与维护国家安全和利益、履行防扩散等国际义务相关的货物、技术、服务等物项的出口管制，适用本条例。
The export control of goods, technologies, and services related to the maintenance of national security and interests and the fulfillment of international obligations such as non-proliferation, as specified in Article 2 of the Export Control Law, shall be governed by these Regulations.
两用物项中监控化学品的出口管制，适用《中华人民共和国监控化学品管理条例》的规定；《中华人民共和国监控化学品管理条例》未规定的事项，由国务院工业和信息化主管部门依照出口管制法和本条例执行。
The export control of monitoring chemicals among dual-use items shall be governed by the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Monitoring Chemicals; matters not provided for in the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Monitoring Chemicals shall be implemented by the competent industry and information technology department of the State Council in accordance with the Export Control Law and these Regulations.
《中华人民共和国导弹及相关物项和技术出口管制条例》所附《导弹及相关物项和技术出口管制清单》第一部分所列物项和技术的出口，纳入军品出口管理清单，依照《中华人民共和国军品出口管理条例》及其他有关规定办理。
The export of items and technologies listed in Part I of the Missile and Related Items and Technologies Export Control List attached to the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Missiles and Related Items and Technologies shall be included in the military products export control list and handled in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Military Products Export and other relevant provisions.
两用物项的过境、转运、通运、再出口或者从海关特殊监管区域和保税监管场所向境外出口，依照出口管制法和本条例的有关规定执行。具体办法由国务院商务主管部门会同海关总署制定。
The transit, transshipment, through-shipment, re-export of dual-use items, or export from special customs supervision areas and bonded supervision sites to overseas, shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Export Control Law and these Regulations. Specific measures shall be formulated by the competent commerce department of the State Council in conjunction with the General Administration of Customs.
在中华人民共和国境内，两用物项在海关特殊监管区域和保税监管场所之间进出，或者由海关特殊监管区域和保税监管场所外进入海关特殊监管区域和保税监管场所，无需办理出口许可证件，由海关实施监管。
Within the territory of the People's Republic of China, the entry and exit of dual-use items between special customs supervision areas and bonded supervision sites, or from outside special customs supervision areas and bonded supervision sites into such areas and sites, shall not require export license documents and shall be supervised by the customs.
境外组织和个人在中华人民共和国境外向特定目的国家和地区、特定组织和个人转移、提供下列货物、技术和服务，国务院商务主管部门可以要求相关经营者参照本条例有关规定执行：
Where foreign organizations and individuals transfer or provide the following goods, technologies, and services outside the territory of the People's Republic of China to specific destination countries and regions, specific organizations and individuals, the competent commerce department of the State Council may require relevant operators to implement them in accordance with the relevant provisions of these Regulations:
(一)含有、集成或者混有原产于中华人民共和国的特定两用物项在境外制造的两用物项；
(1) Dual-use items manufactured outside the territory that contain, integrate, or are mixed with specific dual-use items originating from the People's Republic of China;
(二)使用原产于中华人民共和国的特定技术等两用物项在境外制造的两用物项；
(2) Dual-use items manufactured outside the territory using specific technologies or other dual-use items originating from the People's Republic of China.
(三)原产于中华人民共和国的特定两用物项。
(3) Specific dual-use items originating from the People's Republic of China.
本条例自2024年12月1日起施行。《中华人民共和国核两用品及相关技术出口管制条例》、《中华人民共和国导弹及相关物项和技术出口管制条例》、《中华人民共和国生物两用品及相关设备和技术出口管制条例》和《有关化学品及相关设备和技术出口管制办法》同时废止。
These Regulations shall come into force on December 1, 2024. The Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Export Control of Nuclear Dual-Use Items and Related Technologies, the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Export Control of Missiles and Related Items and Technologies, the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Export Control of Biological Dual-Use Items and Related Equipment and Technologies, and the Measures for the Control of Export of Certain Chemicals and Related Equipment and Technologies shall be repealed simultaneously.