Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Safety Supervision and Administration of Civil Nuclear Facilities

中华人民共和国民用核设施

Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Safety Supervision and Administration of Civil Nuclear Facilities

安全监督管理条例

Safety Supervision and Administration Regulations

(1986年10月29日国务院发布)

(Promulgated by the State Council on October 29, 1986)

为了在民用核设施的建造和营运中保证安全，保障工作人员和群众的健康，保护环境，促进核能事业的顺利发展，制定本条例。

These Regulations are formulated to ensure safety in the construction and operation of civil nuclear facilities, protect the health of workers and the public, protect the environment, and promote the smooth development of the nuclear energy industry.

本条例适用于下列民用核设施的安全监督管理：

These Regulations apply to the safety supervision and administration of the following civil nuclear facilities:

(一)核动力厂(核电厂、核热电厂、核供汽供热厂等)；

(1) Nuclear power plants (nuclear power plants, nuclear heating plants, nuclear steam supply plants, etc.);

(二)核动力厂以外的其他反应堆(研究堆、实验堆、临界装置等)；

(2) Reactors other than nuclear power plants (research reactors, experimental reactors, critical assemblies, etc.);

(三)核燃料生产、加工、贮存及后处理设施；

(3) Nuclear fuel production, processing, storage and reprocessing facilities;

(四)放射性废物的处理和处置设施；

(4) Radioactive waste treatment and disposal facilities;

(五)其他需要严格监督管理的核设施。

(5) Other nuclear facilities requiring strict supervision and administration.

民用核设施的选址、设计、建造、运行和退役必须贯彻安全第一的方针；必须有足够的措施保证质量，保证安全运行，预防核事故，限制可能产生的有害影响；必须保障工作人员、群众和环境不致遭到超过国家规定限值的辐射照射和污染，并将辐射照射和污染减至可以合理达到的尽量低的水平。

The siting, design, construction, operation and decommissioning of civil nuclear facilities must implement the principle of safety first; there must be sufficient measures to ensure quality, ensure safe operation, prevent nuclear accidents, and limit possible harmful effects; it must ensure that workers, the public and the environment are not exposed to radiation exposure and contamination exceeding the limits prescribed by the state, and reduce radiation exposure and contamination to levels as low as reasonably achievable.

国家核安全局对全国核设施安全实施统一监督，独立行使核安全监督权，其主要职责是：

The National Nuclear Safety Authority shall exercise unified supervision over the safety of nuclear facilities nationwide, independently exercise the power of nuclear safety supervision, and its main responsibilities are:

(一)组织起草、制定有关核设施安全的规章和审查有关核安全的技术标准；

(1) Organize the drafting and formulation of regulations concerning nuclear facility safety and review relevant nuclear safety technical standards;

(二)组织审查、评定核设施的安全性能及核设施营运单位保障安全的能力，负责颁发或者吊销核设施安全许可证件；

(2) Organize the review and assessment of the safety performance of nuclear facilities and the ability of nuclear facility operating entities to ensure safety, and be responsible for issuing or revoking nuclear facility safety licenses;

(三)负责实施核安全监督；

(3) Be responsible for implementing nuclear safety supervision;

(四)负责核安全事故的调查、处理；

(4) Be responsible for the investigation and handling of nuclear safety accidents;

(五)协同有关部门指导和监督核设施应急计划的制订和实施；

(5) Cooperate with relevant departments to guide and supervise the formulation and implementation of nuclear facility emergency plans;

(六)组织有关部门开展对核设施的安全与管理的科学研究、宣传教育及国际业务联系；

(6) Organize relevant departments to carry out scientific research, publicity and education on nuclear facility safety and management, and international business contacts;

(七)会同有关部门调解和裁决核安全的纠纷。

(7) Mediate and adjudicate nuclear safety disputes jointly with relevant departments.

国家核安全局在核设施集中的地区可以设立派出机构，实施安全监督。

The National Nuclear Safety Authority may establish field offices in areas where nuclear facilities are concentrated to carry out safety supervision.

国家核安全局可以组织核安全专家委员会。该委员会协助制订核安全法规和核安全技术发展规划，参与核安全的审评、监督等工作。

The National Nuclear Safety Authority may organize a Nuclear Safety Expert Committee. The Committee shall assist in the formulation of nuclear safety regulations and nuclear safety technology development plans, and participate in nuclear safety review, supervision and other work.

核设施主管部门负责所属核设施的安全管理，接受国家核安全局的核安全监督，其主要职责是：

The competent department of nuclear facilities shall be responsible for the safety management of the nuclear facilities under its jurisdiction, accept the nuclear safety supervision of the National Nuclear Safety Authority, and its main responsibilities are:

(一)负责所属核设施的安全管理，保证给予所属核设施的营运单位必要的支持，并对其进行督促检查；

(1) Be responsible for the safety management of the nuclear facilities under its jurisdiction, ensure necessary support to the operating entities of the nuclear facilities under its jurisdiction, and supervise and inspect them;

(二)参与有关核安全法规的起草和制订，组织制订有关核安全的技术标准，并向国家核安全局备案；

(2) Participate in the drafting and formulation of relevant nuclear safety regulations, organize the formulation of relevant nuclear safety technical standards, and report them to the National Nuclear Safety Administration for record;

(三)组织所属核设施的场内应急计划的制订和实施，参与场外应急计划的制订和实施；

(3) Organize the formulation and implementation of on-site emergency plans for the nuclear facilities under its jurisdiction, and participate in the formulation and implementation of off-site emergency plans;

(四)负责对所属核设施中各类人员的技术培训和考核；

(4) Be responsible for the technical training and assessment of various personnel in the nuclear facilities under its jurisdiction;

(五)组织核能发展方面的核安全科学研究工作。

(5) Organize scientific research work on nuclear safety in the development of nuclear energy.

核设施营运单位直接负责所营运的核设施的安全，其主要职责是：

The operator of a nuclear facility is directly responsible for the safety of the nuclear facility it operates, and its main responsibilities are:

(一)遵守国家有关法律、行政法规和技术标准，保证核设施的安全；

(1) Comply with relevant national laws, administrative regulations, and technical standards to ensure the safety of the nuclear facility;

(二)接受国家核安全局的核安全监督，及时、如实地报告安全情况，并提供有关资料；

(2) Accept the nuclear safety supervision of the National Nuclear Safety Administration, report safety conditions timely and truthfully, and provide relevant materials;

(三)对所营运的核设施的安全、核材料的安全、工作人员和群众以及环境的安全承担全面责任。

(3) Assume full responsibility for the safety of the nuclear facility it operates, the safety of nuclear materials, and the safety of workers, the public, and the environment.

国家实行核设施安全许可制度，由国家核安全局负责制定和批准颁发核设施安全许可证件，许可证件包括：

The State implements a nuclear facility safety licensing system. The National Nuclear Safety Administration is responsible for formulating and approving the issuance of nuclear facility safety licenses, which include:

(一)核设施建造许可证；

(1) Nuclear Facility Construction Permit;

(二)核设施运行许可证；

(2) Nuclear Facility Operation Permit;

(三)核设施操纵员执照；

(3) Nuclear Facility Operator License;

(四)其他需要批准的文件。

(4) Other documents requiring approval.

核设施营运单位，在核设施建造前，必须向国家核安全局提交《核设施建造申请书》、《初步安全分析报告》以及其他有关资料，经审核批准获得《核设施建造许可证》后，方可动工建造。

Before construction of a nuclear facility, the operator must submit to the National Nuclear Safety Administration the "Application for Nuclear Facility Construction," the "Preliminary Safety Analysis Report," and other relevant materials. Only after review and approval and obtaining the "Nuclear Facility Construction Permit" may construction commence.

核设施的建造必须遵守《核设施建造许可证》所规定的条件。

The construction of a nuclear facility must comply with the conditions specified in the "Nuclear Facility Construction Permit."

核设施营运单位在核设施运行前，必须向国家核安全局提交《核设施运行申请书》、《最终安全分析报告》以及其他有关资料，经审核批准获得允许装料(或投料)、调试的批准文件后，方可开始装载核燃料(或投料)进行启动调试工作；在获得《核设施运行许可证》后，方可正式运行。

Before operation of a nuclear facility, the operator must submit to the National Nuclear Safety Administration the "Application for Nuclear Facility Operation," the "Final Safety Analysis Report," and other relevant materials. Only after review and approval and obtaining the approval document for loading fuel (or materials) and commissioning may loading of nuclear fuel (or materials) and start-up commissioning begin; only after obtaining the "Nuclear Facility Operation Permit" may formal operation commence.

核设施的运行必须遵守《核设施运行许可证》所规定的条件。

The operation of a nuclear facility must comply with the conditions specified in the "Nuclear Facility Operation Permit."

国家核安全局在审批核设施建造申请书及运行申请书的过程中，应当向国务院有关部门以及核设施所在省、自治区、直辖市人民政府征询意见，国务院有关部门、地方人民政府应当在三个月内给予答复。

During the review of the application for nuclear facility construction and operation, the National Nuclear Safety Administration shall seek opinions from relevant departments of the State Council and the people's governments of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government where the nuclear facility is located. The relevant departments of the State Council and the local people's government shall respond within three months.

具备下列条件的，方可批准发给《核设施建造许可证》和《核设施运行许可证》：

The "Nuclear Facility Construction Permit" and "Nuclear Facility Operation Permit" may be issued only if the following conditions are met:

(一)所申请的项目已按照有关规定经主管部门及国家计划部门或省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的计划部门批准；

(1) The applied project has been approved by the competent authority and the national planning department or the planning department of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government in accordance with relevant regulations;

(二)所选定的厂址已经国务院或省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的城乡建设环境保护部门、计划部门和国家核安全局批准；

(2) The selected site has been approved by the State Council or the urban and rural construction and environmental protection department, planning department, and the National Nuclear Safety Administration of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government;

(三)所申请的核设施符合国家有关的法律及核安全法规的规定；

(3) The applied nuclear facility complies with relevant national laws and nuclear safety regulations;

(四)申请者具有安全营运所申请的核设施的能力，并保证承担全面的安全责任。

(4) The applicant has the capability to safely operate the applied nuclear facility and undertakes to assume full safety responsibility.

核设施操纵员执照分《操纵员执照》和《高级操纵员执照》两种。

Nuclear facility operator licenses are divided into two types: "Operator License" and "Senior Operator License."

持《操纵员执照》的人员方可担任操纵核设施控制系统的工作。

Only persons holding an Operator License may operate the control systems of a nuclear facility.

持《高级操纵员执照》的人员方可担任操纵或者指导他人操纵核设施控制系统的工作。

Only persons holding a Senior Operator License may operate or direct others in operating the control systems of a nuclear facility.

具备下列条件的，方可批准发给《操纵员执照》：

An Operator License may be issued only to persons meeting the following conditions:

(一)身体健康，无职业禁忌症；

(1) Good health, with no occupational contraindications;

(二)具有中专以上文化程度或同等学力，核动力厂操纵人员应具有大专以上文化程度或同等学力；

(2) Possession of at least a secondary specialized school education or equivalent; for nuclear power plant operators, at least a college degree or equivalent;

(三)经过运行操作培训，并经考核合格。

(3) Completion of operational training and passing of examination.

具备下列条件的，方可批准发给《高级操纵员执照》：

A Senior Operator License may be issued only to persons meeting the following conditions:

(一)身体健康，无职业禁忌症；

(1) Good health, with no occupational contraindications;

(二)具有大专以上文化程度或同等学力；

(2) Possession of at least a college degree or equivalent;

(三)经运行操作培训，并经考核合格；

(3) Completion of operational training and passing of examination;

(四)担任操纵员二年以上，成绩优秀者。

(4) At least two years of experience as an operator with outstanding performance.

核设施的迁移、转让或退役必须向国家核安全局提出申请，经审查批准后方可进行。

The relocation, transfer, or decommissioning of a nuclear facility must be applied for to the National Nuclear Safety Administration and may proceed only after review and approval.

国家核安全局及其派出机构可向核设施制造、建造和运行现场派驻监督组(员)执行下列核安全监督任务：

The National Nuclear Safety Administration and its dispatched agencies may station supervision groups (officers) at nuclear facility manufacturing, construction, and operation sites to perform the following nuclear safety supervision tasks:

(一)审查所提交的安全资料是否符合实际；

(1) Review whether the submitted safety documents are consistent with actual conditions;

(二)监督是否按照已批准的设计进行建造；

(2) Supervise whether construction is carried out in accordance with the approved design;

(三)监督是否按照已批准的质量保证大纲进行管理；

(3) Supervise whether management is carried out in accordance with the approved quality assurance program;

(四)监督核设施的建造和运行是否符合有关核安全法规和《核设施建造许可证》、《核设施运行许可证》所规定的条件；

(4) Supervise whether the construction and operation of the nuclear facility comply with relevant nuclear safety regulations and the conditions specified in the Nuclear Facility Construction Permit and Nuclear Facility Operation Permit;

(五)考察营运人员是否具备安全运行及执行应急计划的能力；

(5) Assess whether the operating personnel have the capability for safe operation and implementation of emergency plans;

(六)其他需要监督的任务。

(6) Other tasks requiring supervision.

核安全监督员由国家核安全局任命并发给《核安全监督员证》。

Nuclear safety supervisors are appointed by the National Nuclear Safety Administration and issued a Nuclear Safety Supervisor Certificate.

核安全监督员在执行任务时，凭其证件有权进入核设施制造、建造和运行现场，调查情况，收集有关核安全资料。

When performing duties, nuclear safety supervisors, with their credentials, have the right to enter nuclear facility manufacturing, construction, and operation sites, investigate circumstances, and collect relevant nuclear safety information.

国家核安全局在必要时有权采取强制性措施，命令核设施营运单位采取安全措施或停止危及安全的活动。

The National Nuclear Safety Administration has the right, when necessary, to take compulsory measures, ordering nuclear facility operating entities to adopt safety measures or cease activities that endanger safety.

核设施营运单位有权拒绝有害于安全的任何要求，但对国家核安全局的强制性措施必须执行。

Nuclear facility operating entities have the right to reject any demands harmful to safety, but must comply with compulsory measures taken by the National Nuclear Safety Administration.

对保证核设施安全有显著成绩和贡献的单位和个人，国家核安全局或核设施主管部门应给予适当的奖励。

The National Nuclear Safety Administration or the competent department of nuclear facilities shall give appropriate rewards to units and individuals that have made remarkable achievements and contributions to ensuring the safety of nuclear facilities.

凡违反本条例的规定，有下列行为之一的，国家核安全局可依其情节轻重，给予警告、限期改进、停工或者停业整顿、吊销核安全许可证件的处罚：

Anyone who violates the provisions of these Regulations and commits any of the following acts shall, depending on the severity of the circumstances, be punished by the National Nuclear Safety Administration by means of a warning, ordering improvement within a time limit, suspension of work or business for rectification, or revocation of the nuclear safety license:

(一)未经批准或违章从事核设施建造、运行、迁移、转让和退役的；

(1) Constructing, operating, moving, transferring, or decommissioning nuclear facilities without approval or in violation of regulations;

(二)谎报有关资料或事实，或无故拒绝监督的；

(2) Falsely reporting relevant materials or facts, or refusing supervision without justifiable reasons;

(三)无执照操纵或违章操纵的；

(3) Operating without a license or operating in violation of regulations;

(四)拒绝执行强制性命令的。

(4) Refusing to execute mandatory orders.

当事人对行政处罚不服的，可在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉。但是，对吊销核安全许可证件的决定应当立即执行。对处罚决定不履行逾期又不起诉的，由国家核安全局申请人民法院强制执行。

If a party is dissatisfied with an administrative penalty, it may file a lawsuit with the People's Court within fifteen days from the date of receipt of the penalty notice. However, the decision to revoke the nuclear safety license shall be executed immediately. If the party fails to comply with the penalty decision and does not file a lawsuit within the time limit, the National Nuclear Safety Administration shall apply to the People's Court for compulsory enforcement.

对于不服管理、违反规章制度，或者强令他人违章冒险作业，因而发生核事故，造成严重后果，构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。

If anyone, due to disobedience to management, violation of rules and regulations, or ordering others to work in violation of regulations and take risks, causes a nuclear accident with serious consequences and constitutes a crime, the judicial authorities shall investigate criminal liability according to law.

本条例中下列用语的含义是：

The meanings of the following terms in these Regulations are:

(一)“核设施”是指本条例第二条中所列出的各项民用核设施。

(1) "Nuclear facilities" refer to the various civil nuclear facilities listed in Article 2 of these Regulations.

(二)“核设施安全许可证件”是指为了进行与核设施有关的选址定点、建造、调试、运行和退役等特定活动，由国家核安全局颁发的书面批准文件。

(2) "Nuclear facility safety license" refers to the written approval document issued by the National Nuclear Safety Administration for specific activities such as site selection, construction, commissioning, operation, and decommissioning related to nuclear facilities.

(三)“营运单位”是指申请或持有核设施安全许可证，可以经营和运行核设施的组织。

(3) "Operating organization" refers to the organization that applies for or holds a nuclear facility safety license and can operate and run nuclear facilities.

(四)“核设施主管部门”是指对核设施营运单位负有领导责任的国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的有关行政机关。

(4) "Competent department of nuclear facilities" refers to the relevant administrative organs of the State Council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government that have leadership responsibilities over the operating organization of nuclear facilities.

(五)“核事故”是指核设施内的核燃料、放射性产物、废料或运入运出核设施的核材料所发生的放射性、毒害性、爆炸性或其他危害性事故，或一系列事故。

(5) "Nuclear accident" refers to an accident or series of accidents involving radioactivity, toxicity, explosiveness, or other hazards caused by nuclear fuel, radioactive products, waste, or nuclear materials transported into or out of nuclear facilities within the nuclear facility.

国家核安全局应根据本条例制定实施细则。

The National Nuclear Safety Administration shall formulate implementing rules based on these Regulations.

本条例自发布之日起施行。

These Regulations shall come into force on the date of promulgation.