Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Control of Nuclear Materials

(1987年6月15日国务院发布)

(Promulgated by the State Council on June 15, 1987)

为保证核材料的安全与合法利用，防止被盗、破坏、丢失、非法转让和非法使用，保护国家和人民群众的安全，促进核能事业的发展，制定本条例。

These Regulations are formulated to ensure the safety and legal use of nuclear materials, prevent theft, sabotage, loss, illegal transfer, and illegal use, protect the safety of the state and the people, and promote the development of nuclear energy.

本条例管制的核材料是：

The nuclear materials subject to control under these Regulations are:

(一)铀—235，含铀—235的材料和制品；

(1) Uranium-235, materials and products containing uranium-235;

(二)铀—233，含铀—233的材料和制品；

(2) Uranium-233, materials and products containing uranium-233;

(三)钚—239，含钚—239的材料和制品；

(3) Plutonium-239, materials and products containing plutonium-239;

(四)氚，含氚的材料和制品；

(4) Tritium, materials and products containing tritium;

(五)锂—6，含锂—6的材料和制品；

(5) Lithium-6, materials and products containing lithium-6;

(六)其他需要管制的核材料。

(6) Other nuclear materials that need to be controlled.

铀矿石及其初级产品，不属于本条例管制范围。已移交给军队的核制品的管制办法由国防部门制定。

Uranium ores and their primary products are not within the scope of control under these Regulations. The control measures for nuclear products already transferred to the military shall be formulated by the national defense department.

国家对核材料实行许可证制度。

The state implements a licensing system for nuclear materials.

核材料管制的基本要求是：

The basic requirements for nuclear material control are:

(一)保证符合国家利益及法律的规定；

(1) Ensure compliance with national interests and legal provisions;

(二)保证国家和人民群众的安全；

(2) Ensure the safety of the state and the people;

(三)保证国家对核材料的控制，在必要时国家可以征收所有核材料。

(3) Ensure state control over nuclear materials, and the state may requisition all nuclear materials when necessary.

一切持有、使用、生产、储存、运输和处置第二条所列核材料的部门和单位必须遵守本条例。

All departments and units that hold, use, produce, store, transport, or dispose of the nuclear materials listed in Article 2 must comply with these Regulations.

国家核安全局负责民用核材料的安全监督，在核材料管制方面的主要职责是：

The National Nuclear Safety Administration is responsible for the safety supervision of civil nuclear materials. Its main responsibilities in nuclear material control are:

(一)拟订核材料管制法规；

(1) Drafting regulations on nuclear material control;

(二)监督民用核材料管制法规的实施；

(2) Supervising the implementation of civil nuclear material control regulations;

(三)核准核材料许可证。

(3) Approving nuclear material licenses.

核工业部负责管理全国的核材料，在核材料管制方面的主要职责是：

The Ministry of Nuclear Industry is responsible for managing nuclear materials nationwide. Its main responsibilities in nuclear material control are:

(一)负责实施全国核材料管制；

(1) Implementing national nuclear material control;

(二)负责审查、颁发核材料许可证；

(2) Reviewing and issuing nuclear material licenses.

(三)拟订核材料管制规章制度；

(3) Formulate regulations for the control of nuclear materials;

(四)负责全国核材料帐务系统的建立和检查。

(4) Be responsible for the establishment and inspection of the national nuclear material accounting system.

国防科学技术工业委员会负责涉及国防的核材料的安全监督和核准核材料许可证。

The Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense shall be responsible for the safety supervision of nuclear materials involving national defense and for approving nuclear material licenses.

持有核材料数量达到下列限额的单位，必须申请核材料许可证：

Units that possess nuclear materials reaching the following thresholds must apply for a nuclear material license:

(一)累计的调入量或生产量大于或等于0.01有效公斤的铀、含铀材料和制品(以铀的有效公斤量计)；

(1) Cumulative quantity received or produced greater than or equal to 0.01 effective kilograms of uranium, uranium-containing materials and products (calculated in effective kilograms of uranium);

(二)任何量的钚—239、含钚—239的材料和制品；

(2) Any quantity of plutonium-239, materials and products containing plutonium-239;

(三)累计的调入量或生产量大于或等于3.7×1013贝可(1000居里)的氚、含氚材料和制品(以氚量计)；

(3) Cumulative quantity received or produced greater than or equal to 3.7×10^13 becquerels (1000 curies) of tritium, tritium-containing materials and products (calculated in tritium quantity);

(四)累计的调入量或生产量大于或等于1公斤的浓缩锂、含浓缩锂材料和制品(以锂—6量计)。

(4) Cumulative quantity received or produced greater than or equal to 1 kilogram of enriched lithium, enriched lithium-containing materials and products (calculated in lithium-6 quantity).

累计调入或生产核材料数量小于上列限额者，可免予办理许可证，但必须向核工业部办理核材料登记手续。

Units whose cumulative quantity of nuclear materials received or produced is less than the above thresholds may be exempted from applying for a license, but must register the nuclear materials with the Ministry of Nuclear Industry.

对不致危害国家和人民群众安全的少量的核材料制品可免予登记，其品种和数量限额由核工业部规定。

For nuclear material products that do not endanger the safety of the state and the people, registration may be exempted; the types and quantity limits of such products shall be prescribed by the Ministry of Nuclear Industry.

核材料许可证的申请程序是：

The application procedure for a nuclear material license is as follows:

(一)核材料许可证申请单位向核工业部提交许可证申请书以及申请单位的上级领导部门的审核批准文件；

(1) The unit applying for a nuclear material license shall submit a license application form and the examination and approval documents from its superior leadership department to the Ministry of Nuclear Industry;

(二)核工业部审查并报国家核安全局或国防科学技术工业委员会核准；

(2) The Ministry of Nuclear Industry shall review and submit to the National Nuclear Safety Administration or the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense for approval;

(三)核工业部颁发核材料许可证。

(3) The Ministry of Nuclear Industry shall issue the nuclear material license.

核材料许可证持有单位必须建立专职机构或指定专人负责保管核材料，严格交接手续，建立帐目与报告制度，保证帐物相符。

The unit holding a nuclear material license must establish a specialized agency or designate a person responsible for the custody of nuclear materials, strictly follow handover procedures, establish an accounting and reporting system, and ensure that accounts match the actual materials.

许可证持有单位必须建立核材料衡算制度和分析测量系统，应用批准的分析测量方法和标准，达到规定的衡算误差要求，保持核材料收支平衡。

The license holder must establish a nuclear material accounting system and an analysis and measurement system, apply approved analysis and measurement methods and standards, meet the specified accounting error requirements, and maintain a balance of nuclear materials.

许可证持有单位应当在当地公安部门的指导下，对生产、使用、贮存和处置核材料的场所，建立严格的安全保卫制度，采用可靠的安全防范措施，严防盗窃、破坏、火灾等事故的发生。

The license holder shall, under the guidance of the local public security department, establish strict security protection systems for places where nuclear materials are produced, used, stored, and disposed of, adopt reliable security measures, and strictly prevent theft, sabotage, fire, and other accidents.

运输核材料必须遵守国家的有关规定，核材料托运单位负责与有关部门制定运输保卫方案，落实保卫措施。运输部门、公安部门和其他有关部门要密切配合，确保核材料运输途中安全。

The transport of nuclear materials must comply with the relevant state regulations. The consignor unit of nuclear materials is responsible for formulating a transport security plan with relevant departments and implementing security measures. The transport department, public security department, and other relevant departments shall closely cooperate to ensure the safety of nuclear materials during transport.

核材料持有单位必须切实做好核材料及其有关文件、资料的安全保密工作。凡涉及国家秘密的文件、资料，要按照国家保密规定，准确划定密级，制定严格的保密制度，防止失密、泄密和窃密。

The unit holding nuclear materials must effectively ensure the security and confidentiality of nuclear materials and related documents and materials. For documents and materials involving state secrets, the classification level shall be accurately determined in accordance with state confidentiality regulations, and strict confidentiality systems shall be established to prevent loss, leakage, and theft of secrets.

对接触核材料及其秘密的人员，应当按照国家有关规定进行审查。

Personnel who have access to nuclear materials and their secrets shall be screened in accordance with relevant state regulations.

发现核材料被盗、破坏、丢失、非法转让和非法使用的事件，当事单位必须立即追查原因、追回核材料，并迅速报告其上级领导部门、核工业部、国防科学技术工业委员会和国家核安全局。对核材料被盗、破坏、丢失等事件，必须迅速报告当地公安机关。

If an incident of theft, sabotage, loss, illegal transfer, or illegal use of nuclear materials is discovered, the unit involved must immediately investigate the cause, recover the nuclear materials, and promptly report to its superior leadership department, the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, and the National Nuclear Safety Administration. Incidents of theft, sabotage, or loss of nuclear materials must be promptly reported to the local public security organ.

核材料许可证持有单位的责任是：

The responsibilities of the unit holding a nuclear material license are:

(一)遵守国家的法律和法规；

(1) Comply with national laws and regulations;

(二)对所持有的核材料负全面安全责任，直至核材料安全责任合法转移为止；

(2) Bear full safety responsibility for the nuclear materials in their possession until the legal transfer of such responsibility;

(三)接受管理和监督。

(3) Accept management and supervision.

核材料许可证持有单位的上级领导部门应当给所属持有单位以必要的支持和督促检查，并承担领导责任。

The superior leadership department of the nuclear material license holder shall provide necessary support and supervision to the holder and bear leadership responsibility.

对核材料管制工作做出显著成绩的单位、个人，由国家核安全局、国防科学技术工业委员会或核工业部给予表扬和奖励。

Units or individuals that make outstanding contributions to nuclear material control shall be commended and rewarded by the National Nuclear Safety Administration, the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, or the Ministry of Nuclear Industry.

凡违反本条例的规定，有下列行为之一的，国家核安全局可依其情节轻重，给予警告、限期改进、罚款和吊销许可证的处罚，但吊销许可证的处罚需经核工业部同意。

Anyone who violates the provisions of these Regulations and commits any of the following acts may be subject to warnings, orders for correction within a time limit, fines, or revocation of the license by the National Nuclear Safety Administration, depending on the severity of the circumstances; however, revocation of the license requires the consent of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry.

(一)未经批准或违章从事核材料生产、使用、贮存和处置的；

(1) Engaging in the production, use, storage, or disposal of nuclear materials without approval or in violation of regulations;

(二)不按照规定报告或谎报有关事实和资料的；

(2) Failing to report as required or making false reports concerning relevant facts and data;

(三)拒绝监督检查的；

(3) Refusing to accept supervision and inspection;

(四)不按照规定管理，造成事故的。

(4) Failing to manage in accordance with regulations, resulting in an accident.

当事人对行政处罚不服的，可在接到处罚通知之日起十五日内向人民法院起诉。但是，对吊销许可证的决定应当立即执行。对处罚决定不履行逾期又不起诉的，由国家核安全局申请人民法院强制执行。

If a party disagrees with an administrative penalty, they may file a lawsuit with the People's Court within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice. However, the decision to revoke the license shall be executed immediately. If the party fails to comply with the penalty decision and does not file a lawsuit within the time limit, the National Nuclear Safety Administration shall apply to the People's Court for compulsory enforcement.

对于不服从核材料管制、违反规章制度，因而发生重大事故，造成严重后果的，或者盗窃、抢劫、破坏本条例管制的核材料，构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。

Anyone who disobeys nuclear material control, violates rules and regulations, thereby causing a major accident with serious consequences, or steals, robs, or destroys nuclear materials controlled under these Regulations, constituting a crime, shall be investigated for criminal liability by the judicial authorities in accordance with the law.

本条例下列用语的含义：

The meanings of the following terms in these Regulations are:

(一)“浓缩锂”——指锂—6同位素原子百分含量大于天然锂的；

(1) "Enriched lithium" means lithium in which the atomic percentage of the lithium-6 isotope is greater than that in natural lithium;

(二)“铀的有效公斤”——指铀(包括加浓铀、天然铀、贫化铀)按如下方法计算的有效公斤：

(2) "Effective kilogram of uranium" means uranium (including enriched uranium, natural uranium, and depleted uranium) calculated as effective kilograms according to the following methods:

1．对于铀—235同位素原子百分含量不小于1%的铀，以公斤为单位的铀的实际量乘以铀—235同位素原子百分含量的平方。

1. For uranium with an atomic percentage of uranium-235 isotope not less than 1%, the actual weight of uranium in kilograms multiplied by the square of the atomic percentage of uranium-235 isotope.

2．对于铀—235同位素原子百分含量小于1%，大于0.5%的铀，以公斤为单位的铀的实际重量乘以0.0001。

2. For uranium with an atomic percentage of uranium-235 isotope less than 1% but greater than 0.5%, the actual weight of uranium in kilograms multiplied by 0.0001.

3．对于铀—235同位素原子百分含量不大于0.5%的铀，以公斤为单位的铀的实际重量乘以0.00005。

3. For uranium with an atomic percentage of uranium-235 isotope not greater than 0.5%, the actual weight of uranium in kilograms multiplied by 0.00005.

4．对于铀—233，其有效公斤计算方法与铀—235相同。

4. For uranium-233, the calculation method for effective kilograms is the same as for uranium-235.

本条例由国家核安全局负责解释；本条例的实施细则由国家核安全局会同国防科学技术工业委员会、核工业部制定。

These Regulations shall be interpreted by the National Nuclear Safety Administration; the implementation rules for these Regulations shall be formulated by the National Nuclear Safety Administration jointly with the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense and the Ministry of Nuclear Industry.

本条例自发布之日起施行。

These Regulations shall come into force on the date of promulgation.