KYB CHINA(2024年4月26日国务院第31次常务会议通过 2024年6月22日中华人民共和国国务院令第785号公布 自2024年10月1日起施行)
(Adopted at the 31th Executive Meeting of the State Council on April 26, 2024, promulgated by Order No. 785 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on June 22, 2024, and effective as of October 1, 2024)
为有效保护和合理开发利用稀土资源，促进稀土产业高质量发展，维护生态安全，保障国家资源安全和产业安全，根据有关法律，制定本条例。
This Regulation is formulated in accordance with relevant laws for the purposes of effectively protecting and rationally exploiting rare earth resources, promoting the high-quality development of the rare earth industry, maintaining ecological safety, and ensuring national resource security and industrial security.
在中华人民共和国境内从事稀土的开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、综合利用、产品流通、进出口等活动，适用本条例。
This Regulation applies to activities such as mining, smelting and separation, metal smelting, comprehensive utilization, product circulation, import and export of rare earths within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
稀土管理工作应当贯彻落实党和国家的路线方针政策、决策部署，坚持保护资源与开发利用并重，遵循统筹规划、保障安全、科技创新、绿色发展的原则。
Rare earth management work shall implement the guidelines, policies, decisions and deployments of the Party and the State, adhere to the principle of equal emphasis on resource protection and development and utilization, and follow the principles of overall planning, safety assurance, technological innovation, and green development.
稀土资源属于国家所有，任何组织和个人不得侵占或者破坏稀土资源。
Rare earth resources are owned by the State, and no organization or individual may encroach upon or destroy rare earth resources.
国家依法加强对稀土资源的保护，对稀土资源实行保护性开采。
The State shall strengthen the protection of rare earth resources in accordance with the law and implement protective mining of rare earth resources.
国家对稀土产业发展实行统一规划。国务院工业和信息化主管部门会同国务院有关部门依法编制和组织实施稀土产业发展规划。
The State implements unified planning for the development of the rare earth industry. The competent department of industry and information technology under the State Council shall, together with relevant departments under the State Council, formulate and organize the implementation of rare earth industry development plans in accordance with the law.
国家鼓励和支持稀土产业新技术、新工艺、新产品、新材料、新装备的研发和应用，持续提升稀土资源开发利用水平，推动稀土产业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展。
The State encourages and supports the research and development and application of new technologies, new processes, new products, new materials, and new equipment in the rare earth industry, continuously improves the level of rare earth resource development and utilization, and promotes the high-end, intelligent, and green development of the rare earth industry.
国务院工业和信息化主管部门负责全国稀土行业管理工作，研究制定并组织实施稀土行业管理政策措施。国务院自然资源主管部门等其他有关部门在各自职责范围内负责稀土管理相关工作。
The competent department of industry and information technology under the State Council is responsible for the administration of the national rare earth industry, studying, formulating and organizing the implementation of policies and measures for the administration of the rare earth industry. Other relevant departments under the State Council, such as the competent department of natural resources, are responsible for related rare earth administration work within their respective duties.
县级以上地方人民政府负责本地区稀土管理有关工作。县级以上地方人民政府工业和信息化、自然资源等有关主管部门按照职责分工做好稀土管理相关工作。
Local people's governments at or above the county level are responsible for rare earth administration work in their respective regions. The competent departments of industry and information technology, natural resources, and other relevant departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall do a good job in rare earth administration work according to their respective duties.
国务院工业和信息化主管部门会同国务院有关部门确定稀土开采企业和稀土冶炼分离企业，并向社会公布。
The competent department of industry and information technology under the State Council shall, together with relevant departments under the State Council, designate rare earth mining enterprises and rare earth smelting and separation enterprises, and announce them to the public.
除依照本条第一款确定的企业外，其他组织和个人不得从事稀土开采和稀土冶炼分离。
Except for enterprises designated in accordance with the first paragraph of this Article, no other organization or individual may engage in rare earth mining or rare earth smelting and separation.
稀土开采企业应当依照矿产资源管理法律、行政法规和国家有关规定取得采矿权、采矿许可证。
Rare earth mining enterprises shall obtain mining rights and mining licenses in accordance with laws, administrative regulations, and relevant state provisions on mineral resource administration.
投资稀土开采、冶炼分离等项目，应当遵守投资项目管理的法律、行政法规和国家有关规定。
Investment in rare earth mining, smelting and separation, and other projects shall comply with laws, administrative regulations, and relevant state provisions on investment project administration.
国家根据稀土资源储量和种类差异、产业发展、生态保护、市场需求等因素，对稀土开采和稀土冶炼分离实行总量调控，并优化动态管理。具体办法由国务院工业和信息化主管部门会同国务院自然资源、发展改革等部门制定。
The State implements total volume control over rare earth mining and rare earth smelting and separation based on factors such as rare earth resource reserves and type differences, industrial development, ecological protection, and market demand, and optimizes dynamic management. Specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of industry and information technology under the State Council together with the competent departments of natural resources, development and reform, and other departments under the State Council.
稀土开采企业和稀土冶炼分离企业应当严格遵守国家有关总量调控管理规定。
Rare earth mining enterprises and rare earth smelting and separation enterprises shall strictly comply with the relevant state provisions on total volume control administration.
国家鼓励和支持企业利用先进适用技术、工艺，对稀土二次资源进行综合利用。
The State encourages and supports enterprises to utilize advanced applicable technologies and processes for the comprehensive utilization of rare earth secondary resources.
稀土综合利用企业不得以稀土矿产品为原料从事生产活动。
Rare earth comprehensive utilization enterprises shall not engage in production activities using rare earth mineral products as raw materials.
从事稀土开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、综合利用的企业，应当遵守有关矿产资源、节能环保、清洁生产、安全生产和消防的法律法规，采取合理的环境风险防范、生态保护、污染防治和安全防护措施，有效防止环境污染和生产安全事故。
Enterprises engaged in rare earth mining, smelting and separation, metal smelting, and comprehensive utilization shall comply with laws and regulations on mineral resources, energy conservation and environmental protection, clean production, production safety, and fire protection, and take reasonable measures for environmental risk prevention, ecological protection, pollution prevention and control, and safety protection to effectively prevent environmental pollution and production safety accidents.
任何组织和个人不得收购、加工、销售、出口非法开采或者非法冶炼分离的稀土产品。
No organization or individual may purchase, process, sell, or export rare earth products that are illegally mined or illegally smelted and separated.
国务院工业和信息化主管部门会同国务院自然资源、商务、海关、税务等部门建立稀土产品追溯信息系统，加强对稀土产品全过程追溯管理，推进有关部门数据共享。
The competent department of industry and information technology under the State Council shall, together with the competent departments of natural resources, commerce, customs, taxation, and other departments under the State Council, establish a rare earth product traceability information system, strengthen the whole-process traceability management of rare earth products, and promote data sharing among relevant departments.
从事稀土开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、综合利用和稀土产品出口的企业应当建立稀土产品流向记录制度，如实记录稀土产品流向信息并录入稀土产品追溯信息系统。
Enterprises engaged in rare earth mining, smelting and separation, metal smelting, comprehensive utilization, and export of rare earth products shall establish a rare earth product flow recording system, truthfully record the flow information of rare earth products, and input it into the rare earth product traceability information system.
稀土产品及相关技术、工艺、装备的进出口，应当遵守有关对外贸易、进出口管理法律、行政法规的规定。属于出口管制物项的，还应当遵守出口管制法律、行政法规的规定。
The import and export of rare earth products and related technologies, processes, and equipment shall comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations on foreign trade and import and export administration. If they are items subject to export control, they shall also comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations on export control.
国家按照实物储备和矿产地储备相结合的方式，完善稀土储备体系。
The State shall improve the rare earth reserve system by combining physical reserves and mineral reserve bases.
稀土实物储备实行政府储备与企业储备相结合，不断优化储备品种结构数量。具体办法由国务院发展改革、财政部门会同工业和信息化主管部门、粮食和物资储备部门制定。
Physical reserves of rare earths shall be a combination of government reserves and enterprise reserves, with continuous optimization of the variety structure and quantity of reserves. Specific measures shall be formulated by the competent departments of development and reform, finance, together with the competent department of industry and information technology, and the department of grain and material reserves.
国务院自然资源主管部门会同国务院有关部门根据保障稀土资源安全需要，结合资源储量、分布情况、重要程度等因素，划定稀土资源储备地，依法加强监管和保护。具体办法由国务院自然资源主管部门会同国务院有关部门制定。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council, together with the relevant departments of the State Council, shall, based on the need to ensure the security of rare earth resources and taking into account factors such as resource reserves, distribution, and importance, designate rare earth resource reserve areas and strengthen supervision and protection in accordance with the law. Specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of natural resources of the State Council together with the relevant departments of the State Council.
稀土行业组织应当建立健全行业规范，加强行业自律管理，引导企业守法、诚信经营，促进公平竞争。
Rare earth industry organizations shall establish and improve industry norms, strengthen industry self-discipline management, and guide enterprises to operate in compliance with laws and in good faith, promoting fair competition.
工业和信息化主管部门和其他有关部门(以下统称监督检查部门)应当依照有关法律法规和本条例规定，按照职责分工对稀土的开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、综合利用、产品流通、进出口等活动进行监督检查，对违法行为及时依法处理。
The competent department of industry and information technology and other relevant departments (hereinafter collectively referred to as the supervision and inspection departments) shall, in accordance with relevant laws, regulations, and these Regulations, conduct supervision and inspection of rare earth mining, smelting and separation, metal smelting, comprehensive utilization, product circulation, import and export, and other activities according to their respective responsibilities, and promptly handle illegal acts in accordance with the law.
监督检查部门进行监督检查，有权采取下列措施：
When conducting supervision and inspection, the supervision and inspection departments have the authority to take the following measures:
(一)要求被检查单位提供有关文件和资料；
(1) Require the entity under inspection to provide relevant documents and materials;
(二)询问被检查单位及其有关人员，要求其对与监督检查事项有关的情况作出说明；
(2) Inquire with the entity under inspection and its relevant personnel, and require them to provide explanations regarding matters related to the supervision and inspection;
(三)进入涉嫌违法活动的场所进行调查和取证；
(3) Enter premises suspected of illegal activities to conduct investigations and collect evidence;
(四)扣押违法活动相关的稀土产品及工具、设备，查封违法活动的场所；
(4) Seize rare earth products, tools, and equipment related to illegal activities, and seal up premises where illegal activities occur;
(五)法律、行政法规规定的其他措施。
(5) Other measures prescribed by laws and administrative regulations.
被检查单位及其有关人员应当予以配合，如实提供有关文件和资料，不得拒绝、阻碍。
The entity under inspection and its relevant personnel shall cooperate, truthfully provide relevant documents and materials, and shall not refuse or obstruct.
监督检查部门进行监督检查，监督检查人员不得少于2人，并应当出示有效的行政执法证件。
When conducting supervision and inspection, the supervision and inspection departments shall have no fewer than two inspectors, who shall present valid law enforcement credentials.
监督检查部门的工作人员，对监督检查中获悉的国家秘密、商业秘密和个人信息负有保密义务。
Staff members of the supervision and inspection departments have a duty to keep confidential any state secrets, trade secrets, and personal information learned during supervision and inspection.
违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一的，由自然资源主管部门依法予以处罚：
Whoever, in violation of these Regulations, commits any of the following acts shall be punished by the competent department of natural resources in accordance with the law:
(一)稀土开采企业未取得采矿权、采矿许可证开采稀土资源，或者超出采矿权登记的开采区域开采稀土资源；
(1) A rare earth mining enterprise mines rare earth resources without obtaining a mining right or mining license, or mines rare earth resources beyond the mining area registered in the mining right;
(二)稀土开采企业之外的组织和个人从事稀土开采。
(2) An organization or individual other than a rare earth mining enterprise engages in rare earth mining.
稀土开采企业和稀土冶炼分离企业违反总量调控管理规定进行稀土开采、冶炼分离的，由自然资源、工业和信息化主管部门按照职责分工责令改正，没收违法生产的稀土产品和违法所得，并处违法所得5倍以上10倍以下的罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足50万元的，并处100万元以上500万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，责令停产停业，对主要负责人、直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。
If a rare earth mining enterprise or a rare earth smelting and separation enterprise violates the total volume control management regulations in mining or smelting and separating rare earths, the competent departments of natural resources and industry and information technology shall, according to their respective responsibilities, order correction, confiscate the illegally produced rare earth products and illegal gains, and impose a fine of not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the illegal gains; if there are no illegal gains or the illegal gains are less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 1 million yuan but not more than 5 million yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, the enterprise shall be ordered to suspend production for rectification, and the principal responsible person, the directly responsible supervisor, and other directly responsible personnel shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.
违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一的，由工业和信息化主管部门责令停止违法行为，没收违法生产的稀土产品和违法所得以及直接用于违法活动的工具、设备，并处违法所得5倍以上10倍以下的罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足50万元的，并处200万元以上500万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，由市场监督管理部门吊销其营业执照：
Whoever, in violation of these Regulations, commits any of the following acts shall be ordered by the competent department of industry and information technology to cease the illegal act, confiscate the illegally produced rare earth products, illegal gains, and tools and equipment directly used for the illegal act, and impose a fine of not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the illegal gains; if there are no illegal gains or the illegal gains are less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 2 million yuan but not more than 5 million yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, the market supervision and administration department shall revoke its business license:
(一)稀土冶炼分离企业之外的组织和个人从事冶炼分离；
(1) An organization or individual other than a rare earth smelting and separation enterprise engages in smelting and separation;
(二)稀土综合利用企业以稀土矿产品为原料从事生产活动。
(2) A rare earth comprehensive utilization enterprise uses rare earth mineral products as raw materials for production activities.
违反本条例规定，收购、加工、销售非法开采或者非法冶炼分离的稀土产品的，由工业和信息化主管部门会同有关部门责令停止违法行为，没收违法收购、加工、销售的稀土产品和违法所得以及直接用于违法活动的工具、设备，并处违法所得5倍以上10倍以下的罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得不足50万元的，并处50万元以上200万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，由市场监督管理部门吊销其营业执照。
Whoever, in violation of these Regulations, purchases, processes, or sells rare earth products that are illegally mined or illegally smelted and separated shall be ordered by the competent department of industry and information technology, together with relevant departments, to cease the illegal act, confiscate the illegally purchased, processed, or sold rare earth products, illegal gains, and tools and equipment directly used for the illegal act, and impose a fine of not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the illegal gains; if there are no illegal gains or the illegal gains are less than 500,000 yuan, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, the market supervision and administration department shall revoke its business license.
进出口稀土产品及相关技术、工艺、装备，违反有关法律、行政法规和本条例规定的，由商务主管部门、海关等有关部门按照职责依法予以处罚。
Whoever imports or exports rare earth products and related technologies, processes, or equipment in violation of relevant laws, administrative regulations, and these Regulations shall be punished by the competent department of commerce, customs, and other relevant departments according to their respective responsibilities in accordance with the law.
从事稀土开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、综合利用和稀土产品出口的企业不如实记录稀土产品流向信息并录入稀土产品追溯信息系统的，由工业和信息化主管部门和其他有关部门按照职责分工责令改正，对企业处5万元以上20万元以下的罚款；拒不改正的，责令停产停业，并对主要负责人、直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处2万元以上5万元以下的罚款，对企业处20万元以上100万元以下的罚款。
If an enterprise engaged in rare earth mining, smelting and separation, metal smelting, comprehensive utilization, or export of rare earth products fails to truthfully record the flow information of rare earth products and input it into the rare earth product traceability information system, the competent department of industry and information technology and other relevant departments shall, according to their respective responsibilities, order correction and impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan on the enterprise; if it refuses to correct, it shall be ordered to suspend production for rectification, and a fine of not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan shall be imposed on the principal responsible person, the directly responsible supervisor, and other directly responsible personnel, and a fine of not less than 200,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed on the enterprise.
拒绝、阻碍监督检查部门依法履行监督检查职责的，由监督检查部门责令改正，对主要负责人、直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员给予警告，对企业处2万元以上10万元以下的罚款；拒不改正的，责令停产停业，并对主要负责人、直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员处2万元以上5万元以下的罚款，对企业处10万元以上50万元以下的罚款。
Whoever refuses or obstructs a supervision and inspection department from lawfully performing its supervision and inspection duties shall be ordered by the supervision and inspection department to correct, given a warning to the principal responsible person, the directly responsible supervisor, and other directly responsible personnel, and imposed a fine of not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan on the enterprise; if it refuses to correct, it shall be ordered to suspend production for rectification, and a fine of not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan shall be imposed on the principal responsible person, the directly responsible supervisor, and other directly responsible personnel, and a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed on the enterprise.
从事稀土开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、综合利用的企业，违反有关节能环保、清洁生产、安全生产和消防法律法规的，由相关部门按照职责依法予以处罚。
If an enterprise engaged in rare earth mining, smelting and separation, metal smelting, or comprehensive utilization violates relevant laws and regulations on energy conservation, environmental protection, clean production, production safety, and fire protection, the relevant departments shall impose punishments according to their respective responsibilities in accordance with the law.
从事稀土开采、冶炼分离、金属冶炼、综合利用和稀土产品进出口企业的违法违规行为，由相关部门依法记入信用记录，纳入国家有关信用信息系统。
The illegal acts of enterprises engaged in rare earth mining, smelting and separation, metal smelting, comprehensive utilization, and import and export of rare earth products shall be recorded in the credit record by the relevant departments in accordance with the law and incorporated into the national credit information system.
监督检查部门工作人员在稀土管理工作中滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，依法给予处分。
Staff members of supervisory and inspection departments who abuse their power, neglect their duties, or engage in malpractice for personal gain in the administration of rare earths shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.
违反本条例规定，构成违反治安管理行为的，依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Any violation of the provisions of this Regulation that constitutes a violation of public security administration shall be given a public security penalty in accordance with the law; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.
本条例下列用语的含义：
The meanings of the following terms in this Regulation:
稀土，指镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥、钪、钇等元素的总称。
Rare earths refer to the general term for elements such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, and yttrium.
冶炼分离，指将稀土矿产品加工生成各类单一或者混合稀土氧化物、盐类以及其他化合物的生产过程。
Smelting separation refers to the production process of processing rare earth mineral products to generate various single or mixed rare earth oxides, salts, and other compounds.
金属冶炼，指以单一或者混合稀土氧化物、盐类及其他化合物为原料制得稀土金属或者合金的生产过程。
Metal smelting refers to the production process of using single or mixed rare earth oxides, salts, and other compounds as raw materials to produce rare earth metals or alloys.
稀土二次资源，指经加工可使含有的稀土元素重新具有使用价值的固体废物，包括但不限于稀土永磁废料、废旧永磁体以及其他含稀土废弃物。
Rare earth secondary resources refer to solid wastes that, after processing, can make the contained rare earth elements reusable, including but not limited to rare earth permanent magnet scrap, waste permanent magnets, and other rare earth-containing wastes.
稀土产品，包括稀土矿产品、各类稀土化合物、各类稀土金属及合金等。
Rare earth products include rare earth mineral products, various rare earth compounds, various rare earth metals and alloys, etc.
对稀土之外的其他稀有金属的管理，国务院相关主管部门可以参照本条例的有关规定执行。
For the administration of other rare metals besides rare earths, the relevant competent departments of the State Council may refer to the relevant provisions of this Regulation.
本条例自2024年10月1日起施行。
This Regulation shall come into force on October 1, 2024.