Ecological Protection Compensation Regulation

(2024年2月23日国务院第26次常务会议通过　2024年4月6日中华人民共和国国务院令第779号公布　自2024年6月1日起施行)

(Adopted at the 26th Executive Meeting of the State Council on February 23, 2024, promulgated by Order No. 779 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on April 6, 2024, and effective as of June 1, 2024)

为了保护和改善生态环境，加强和规范生态保护补偿，调动各方参与生态保护积极性，推动生态文明建设，根据有关法律，制定本条例。

This Regulation is formulated in accordance with relevant laws to protect and improve the ecological environment, strengthen and standardize ecological protection compensation, mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties to participate in ecological protection, and promote the construction of ecological civilization.

在中华人民共和国领域及管辖的其他海域开展生态保护补偿及其相关活动，适用本条例。法律、行政法规另有规定的，依照其规定。

This Regulation applies to ecological protection compensation and related activities carried out within the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under its jurisdiction. Where laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, those provisions shall prevail.

本条例所称生态保护补偿，是指通过财政纵向补偿、地区间横向补偿、市场机制补偿等机制，对按照规定或者约定开展生态保护的单位和个人予以补偿的激励性制度安排。生态保护补偿可以采取资金补偿、对口协作、产业转移、人才培训、共建园区、购买生态产品和服务等多种补偿方式。

For the purposes of this Regulation, ecological protection compensation refers to an incentive-based institutional arrangement that compensates units and individuals that carry out ecological protection in accordance with regulations or agreements through mechanisms such as fiscal vertical compensation, inter-regional horizontal compensation, and market mechanism compensation. Ecological protection compensation may take various forms, including monetary compensation, counterpart cooperation, industrial transfer, talent training, joint park construction, and purchase of ecological products and services.

前款所称单位和个人，包括地方各级人民政府、村民委员会、居民委员会、农村集体经济组织及其成员以及其他应当获得补偿的单位和个人。

The units and individuals mentioned in the preceding paragraph include local people's governments at all levels, villagers' committees, residents' committees, rural collective economic organizations and their members, and other units and individuals that should receive compensation.

生态保护补偿工作坚持中国共产党的领导，坚持政府主导、社会参与、市场调节相结合，坚持激励与约束并重，坚持统筹协同推进，坚持生态效益与经济效益、社会效益相统一。

Ecological protection compensation work shall adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhere to the combination of government leadership, social participation, and market regulation, adhere to the equal emphasis on incentives and constraints, adhere to overall coordination and promotion, and adhere to the unity of ecological benefits with economic and social benefits.

县级以上人民政府应当加强对生态保护补偿工作的组织领导，将生态保护补偿工作纳入国民经济和社会发展规划，构建稳定的生态保护补偿资金投入机制。

People's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the organization and leadership of ecological protection compensation work, incorporate ecological protection compensation work into national economic and social development plans, and establish a stable investment mechanism for ecological protection compensation funds.

县级以上人民政府依法可以通过多种方式拓宽生态保护补偿资金渠道。

People's governments at or above the county level may, in accordance with the law, broaden the channels for ecological protection compensation funds through various means.

国务院发展改革、财政、自然资源、生态环境、水行政、住房城乡建设、农业农村、林业草原等部门依据各自职责，负责生态保护补偿相关工作。

The development and reform, finance, natural resources, ecological environment, water administration, housing and urban-rural construction, agriculture and rural affairs, forestry and grassland departments of the State Council shall, based on their respective responsibilities, be responsible for the relevant work of ecological protection compensation.

县级以上地方人民政府应当建立健全生态保护补偿工作的相关机制，督促所属部门和下级人民政府开展生态保护补偿工作。县级以上地方人民政府有关部门依据各自职责，负责生态保护补偿相关工作。

Local people's governments at or above the county level shall establish and improve relevant mechanisms for ecological protection compensation work, and supervise their subordinate departments and lower-level people's governments to carry out ecological protection compensation work. The relevant departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall, based on their respective responsibilities, be responsible for the relevant work of ecological protection compensation.

对在生态保护补偿工作中作出显著成绩的单位和个人，按照国家有关规定给予表彰和奖励。

Units and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in ecological protection compensation work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations.

国家通过财政转移支付等方式，对开展重要生态环境要素保护的单位和个人，以及在依法划定的重点生态功能区、生态保护红线、自然保护地等生态功能重要区域开展生态保护的单位和个人，予以补偿。

The state shall, through fiscal transfer payments and other means, compensate units and individuals that carry out protection of important ecological environment elements, as well as units and individuals that carry out ecological protection in ecologically important areas such as legally designated key ecological function areas, ecological protection red lines, and natural protected areas.

对开展重要生态环境要素保护的单位和个人，中央财政按照下列分类实施补偿(以下称分类补偿)：

For units and individuals that carry out protection of important ecological environment elements, the central finance shall implement compensation according to the following categories (hereinafter referred to as classification compensation):

(一)森林；

(1) Forests;

(二)草原；

(2) Grasslands;

(三)湿地；

(3) Wetlands;

(四)荒漠；

(4) Deserts;

(五)海洋；

(5) Oceans;

(六)水流；

(6) Water flows;

(七)耕地；

(7) Farmland;

(八)法律、行政法规和国家规定的水生生物资源、陆生野生动植物资源等其他重要生态环境要素。

(8) Other important ecological environment elements such as aquatic biological resources and terrestrial wild animal and plant resources as stipulated by laws, administrative regulations, and state provisions.

前款规定的补偿的具体范围、补偿方式应当统筹考虑地区经济社会发展水平、财政承受能力、生态保护成效等因素分类确定，并连同补偿资金的使用及其监督管理等事项依法向社会公布。中央财政分类补偿的具体办法由国务院主管部门会同其他有关部门分领域制定。

The specific scope and compensation methods for the compensation specified in the preceding paragraph shall be determined by category, taking into account factors such as the level of regional economic and social development, fiscal affordability, and ecological protection effectiveness, and shall be publicly announced together with the use of compensation funds and their supervision and management. The specific measures for central fiscal classification compensation shall be formulated by the competent departments of the State Council in conjunction with other relevant departments in their respective fields.

在中央财政分类补偿的基础上，按照中央与地方财政事权和支出责任划分原则，有关地方人民政府可以结合本地区实际建立分类补偿制度，对开展重要生态环境要素保护的单位和个人加大补偿力度。

On the basis of central fiscal classification compensation, in accordance with the principle of division of fiscal powers and expenditure responsibilities between the central and local governments, relevant local people's governments may, based on their actual conditions, establish classification compensation systems to increase compensation for units and individuals that carry out protection of important ecological environment elements.

法律、行政法规或者国务院规定要求由中央财政和地方财政共同出资实施分类补偿或者由地方财政出资实施分类补偿的，有关地方人民政府应当按照规定及时落实资金。

Where laws, administrative regulations, or State Council provisions require the central and local fiscal authorities to jointly fund classified compensation or require local fiscal authorities to fund classified compensation, the relevant local people's governments shall allocate funds in a timely manner as prescribed.

中央财政安排重点生态功能区转移支付，结合财力状况逐步增加转移支付规模。根据生态效益外溢性、生态功能重要性、生态环境敏感性和脆弱性等特点，在重点生态功能区转移支付中实施差异化补偿，加大对生态保护红线覆盖比例较高地区支持力度。

The central fiscal authorities shall arrange transfer payments for key ecological function zones and gradually increase the scale of transfer payments in light of fiscal capacity. Based on characteristics such as the spillover of ecological benefits, the importance of ecological functions, and ecological environmental sensitivity and fragility, differentiated compensation shall be implemented in transfer payments for key ecological function zones, with increased support for areas with a higher proportion of ecological protection redlines.

国务院财政部门制定重点生态功能区转移支付管理办法，明确转移支付的范围和转移支付资金的分配方式。

The fiscal department of the State Council shall formulate measures for the management of transfer payments for key ecological function zones, specifying the scope of transfer payments and the method of allocating transfer payment funds.

国家建立健全以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系生态保护补偿机制。中央财政和地方财政对开展自然保护地保护的单位和个人分类分级予以补偿，根据自然保护地类型、级别、规模和管护成效等合理确定转移支付规模。

The state shall establish and improve an ecological protection compensation mechanism for the natural protected area system with national parks as the main body. The central and local fiscal authorities shall provide classified and graded compensation to entities and individuals engaged in the protection of natural protected areas, and reasonably determine the scale of transfer payments based on the type, level, size, and management effectiveness of the natural protected areas.

地方人民政府及其有关部门获得的生态保护补偿资金应当按照规定用途使用。

Ecological protection compensation funds obtained by local people's governments and their relevant departments shall be used for prescribed purposes.

地方人民政府及其有关部门应当按照规定将生态保护补偿资金及时补偿给开展生态保护的单位和个人，不得截留、占用、挪用或者拖欠。

Local people's governments and their relevant departments shall, as prescribed, promptly compensate entities and individuals engaged in ecological protection with ecological protection compensation funds, and shall not intercept, occupy, misappropriate, or delay payment.

由地方人民政府统筹使用的生态保护补偿资金，应当优先用于自然资源保护、生态环境治理和修复等。

Ecological protection compensation funds coordinated for use by local people's governments shall be prioritized for natural resource protection, ecological environmental governance, and restoration.

生态保护地区所在地有关地方人民政府应当按照国家有关规定，稳步推进不同渠道生态保护补偿资金统筹使用，提高生态保护整体效益。

The relevant local people's governments in ecological protection areas shall, in accordance with state regulations, steadily promote the coordinated use of ecological protection compensation funds from different channels to improve the overall effectiveness of ecological protection.

国家鼓励、指导、推动生态受益地区与生态保护地区人民政府通过协商等方式建立生态保护补偿机制，开展地区间横向生态保护补偿。

The state encourages, guides, and promotes the establishment of ecological protection compensation mechanisms through consultation between the people's governments of ecological benefit areas and ecological protection areas, and the implementation of inter-regional horizontal ecological protection compensation.

根据生态保护实际需要，上级人民政府可以组织、协调下级人民政府之间开展地区间横向生态保护补偿。

Based on the actual needs of ecological protection, higher-level people's governments may organize and coordinate the implementation of inter-regional horizontal ecological protection compensation between lower-level people's governments.

地区间横向生态保护补偿针对下列区域开展：

Inter-regional horizontal ecological protection compensation shall be carried out for the following areas:

(一)江河流域上下游、左右岸、干支流所在区域；

(1) Areas along the upstream, downstream, left bank, right bank, and main tributaries of river basins;

(二)重要生态环境要素所在区域以及其他生态功能重要区域；

(2) Areas where important ecological environmental elements are located and other areas with important ecological functions;

(三)重大引调水工程水源地以及沿线保护区；

(3) Water source areas and protected areas along major water diversion projects;

(四)其他按照协议开展生态保护补偿的区域。

(4) Other areas where ecological protection compensation is carried out under agreements.

对在生态功能特别重要的跨省、自治区、直辖市和跨自治州、设区的市重点区域开展地区间横向生态保护补偿的，中央财政和省级财政可以给予引导支持。

For inter-regional horizontal ecological protection compensation carried out in key areas across provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, and across autonomous prefectures and cities divided into districts with particularly important ecological functions, the central fiscal authorities and provincial fiscal authorities may provide guiding support.

对开展地区间横向生态保护补偿取得显著成效的，国务院发展改革、财政等部门可以在规划、资金、项目安排等方面给予适当支持。

For those that achieve significant results in inter-regional horizontal ecological protection compensation, the development and reform, fiscal and other departments of the State Council may provide appropriate support in terms of planning, funds, and project arrangements.

开展地区间横向生态保护补偿，有关地方人民政府应当签订书面协议(以下称补偿协议)，明确下列事项：

When carrying out inter-regional horizontal ecological protection compensation, the relevant local people's governments shall sign a written agreement (hereinafter referred to as the compensation agreement) specifying the following matters:

(一)补偿的具体范围；

(1) The specific scope of compensation;

(二)生态保护预期目标及其监测、评判指标；

(2) The expected ecological protection objectives and their monitoring and evaluation indicators;

(三)生态保护地区的生态保护责任；

(3) The ecological protection responsibilities of the ecological protection area;

(四)补偿方式以及落实补偿的相关安排；

(4) The compensation method and relevant arrangements for implementing compensation;

(五)协议期限；

(5) The term of the agreement;

(六)违反协议的处理；

(6) Handling of breach of agreement.

(七)其他事项。

(7) Other matters.

确定补偿协议的内容，应当综合考虑生态保护现状、生态保护成本、生态保护成效以及地区经济社会发展水平、财政承受能力等因素。

When determining the content of a compensation agreement, factors such as the current status of ecological protection, ecological protection costs, ecological protection effectiveness, regional economic and social development level, and fiscal affordability shall be comprehensively considered.

生态保护地区获得的生态保护补偿资金，应当用于本地区自然资源保护、生态环境治理和修复、经济社会发展和民生改善等。需要直接补偿给单位和个人的，应当按照规定及时补偿，不得截留、占用、挪用或者拖欠。

Ecological protection compensation funds received by ecological protection areas shall be used for natural resource protection, ecological environment governance and restoration, economic and social development, and improvement of people's livelihood in the region. Where direct compensation to units and individuals is required, it shall be made in a timely manner in accordance with regulations, and no interception, occupation, misappropriation, or delay shall be allowed.

有关地方人民政府应当严格履行所签订的补偿协议。生态保护地区应当按照协议落实生态保护措施，生态受益地区应当按照约定积极主动履行补偿责任。

Relevant local people's governments shall strictly perform the compensation agreements signed. Ecological protection areas shall implement ecological protection measures in accordance with the agreement, and ecological beneficiary areas shall actively fulfill compensation responsibilities as agreed.

因补偿协议履行产生争议的，有关地方人民政府应当协商解决；协商不成的，报请共同的上一级人民政府协调解决，必要时共同的上一级人民政府可以作出决定，有关地方人民政府应当执行。

If disputes arise from the performance of a compensation agreement, the relevant local people's governments shall resolve them through consultation; if consultation fails, the matter shall be submitted to the common higher-level people's government for coordination and resolution. If necessary, the common higher-level people's government may make a decision, and the relevant local people's governments shall implement it.

有关地方人民政府在补偿协议期限届满后，根据实际需要续签补偿协议，续签补偿协议时可以对有关事项重新协商。

After the expiration of a compensation agreement, the relevant local people's governments may renew the agreement based on actual needs, and may renegotiate relevant matters when renewing.

国家充分发挥市场机制在生态保护补偿中的作用，推进生态保护补偿市场化发展，拓展生态产品价值实现模式。

The state shall fully leverage the role of market mechanisms in ecological protection compensation, promote the market-oriented development of ecological protection compensation, and expand the value realization models of ecological products.

国家鼓励企业、公益组织等社会力量以及地方人民政府按照市场规则，通过购买生态产品和服务等方式开展生态保护补偿。

The state encourages enterprises, public welfare organizations, and other social forces, as well as local people's governments, to conduct ecological protection compensation through purchasing ecological products and services in accordance with market rules.

国家建立健全碳排放权、排污权、用水权、碳汇权益等交易机制，推动交易市场建设，完善交易规则。

The state shall establish and improve trading mechanisms for carbon emission rights, pollutant discharge rights, water use rights, and carbon sink rights, promote the construction of trading markets, and improve trading rules.

国家鼓励、支持生态保护与生态产业发展有机融合，在保障生态效益前提下，采取多种方式发展生态产业，推动生态优势转化为产业优势，提高生态产品价值。

The state encourages and supports the organic integration of ecological protection and ecological industry development. Under the premise of ensuring ecological benefits, multiple methods shall be adopted to develop ecological industries, promote the transformation of ecological advantages into industrial advantages, and increase the value of ecological products.

发展生态产业应当完善农村集体经济组织和农村居民参与方式，建立持续性惠益分享机制，促进生态保护主体利益得到有效补偿。

When developing ecological industries, the participation methods of rural collective economic organizations and rural residents shall be improved, a sustainable benefit-sharing mechanism shall be established, and the interests of ecological protection entities shall be effectively compensated.

地方各级人民政府应当根据实际需要，加快培育生态产品市场经营开发主体，充分发挥其在整合生态资源、统筹实施生态保护、提供专业技术支撑、推进生态产品供需对接等方面的优势和作用。

Local people's governments at all levels shall, based on actual needs, accelerate the cultivation of market operators and developers of ecological products, and fully leverage their advantages and roles in integrating ecological resources, coordinating ecological protection implementation, providing professional technical support, and promoting the supply-demand matching of ecological products.

国家鼓励、引导社会资金建立市场化运作的生态保护补偿基金，依法有序参与生态保护补偿。

The state encourages and guides social funds to establish market-oriented ecological protection compensation funds, and participate in ecological protection compensation in accordance with the law and in an orderly manner.

政府及其有关部门应当按照规定及时下达和核拨生态保护补偿资金，确保补偿资金落实到位。

The government and its relevant departments shall timely issue and allocate ecological protection compensation funds in accordance with regulations, ensuring that the compensation funds are in place.

政府及其有关部门应当加强对资金用途的监督管理，按照规定实施生态保护补偿资金预算绩效管理，完善生态保护责任落实的激励约束机制。

The government and its relevant departments shall strengthen supervision and management of the use of funds, implement budget performance management of ecological protection compensation funds in accordance with regulations, and improve the incentive and constraint mechanism for the implementation of ecological protection responsibilities.

国家推进自然资源统一确权登记，完善生态保护补偿监测支撑体系，建立生态保护补偿统计体系，完善生态保护补偿标准体系，为生态保护补偿工作提供技术支撑。

The state shall promote unified registration of natural resources, improve the monitoring support system for ecological protection compensation, establish a statistical system for ecological protection compensation, and improve the standard system for ecological protection compensation, providing technical support for ecological protection compensation work.

国家完善与生态保护补偿相配套的财政、金融等政策措施，发挥财政税收政策调节功能，完善绿色金融体系。

The state shall improve fiscal, financial, and other policy measures supporting ecological protection compensation, leverage the regulatory function of fiscal and tax policies, and improve the green financial system.

国家建立健全统一的绿色产品标准、认证、标识体系，推进绿色产品市场建设，实施政府绿色采购政策，建立绿色采购引导机制。

The state shall establish and improve a unified green product standard, certification, and labeling system, promote the construction of a green product market, implement government green procurement policies, and establish a green procurement guidance mechanism.

政府和有关部门应当通过多种形式，加强对生态保护补偿政策和实施效果的宣传，为生态保护补偿工作营造良好社会氛围。

The government and relevant departments shall, through various forms, strengthen the publicity of ecological protection compensation policies and implementation effects, creating a favorable social atmosphere for ecological protection compensation work.

政府和有关部门应当依法及时公开生态保护补偿工作情况，接受社会监督和舆论监督。

The government and relevant departments shall timely disclose the work situation of ecological protection compensation in accordance with the law, and accept social supervision and public opinion supervision.

审计机关对生态保护补偿资金的管理使用情况依法进行审计监督。

Audit authorities shall conduct audit supervision over the management and use of ecological protection compensation funds in accordance with the law.

截留、占用、挪用、拖欠或者未按照规定使用生态保护补偿资金的，政府和有关主管部门应当责令改正；逾期未改正的，可以缓拨、减拨、停拨或者追回生态保护补偿资金。

If ecological protection compensation funds are intercepted, occupied, misappropriated, delayed, or not used in accordance with regulations, the government and relevant competent departments shall order corrections; if corrections are not made within the time limit, the ecological protection compensation funds may be delayed, reduced, suspended, or recovered.

以虚假手段骗取生态保护补偿资金的，由政府和有关主管部门依法依规处理、处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

If ecological protection compensation funds are obtained by fraudulent means, the government and relevant competent departments shall handle and punish the matter in accordance with laws and regulations; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.

政府和有关部门及其工作人员在生态保护补偿工作中有失职、渎职行为的，依法依规追究责任。

If the government and relevant departments and their staff members are derelict of duty or engage in misconduct in ecological protection compensation work, they shall be held accountable in accordance with laws and regulations.

本条例自2024年6月1日起施行。

These Regulations shall come into force on June 1, 2024.