KYB CHINA(2012年8月29日中华人民共和国国务院令第623号公布 根据2016年2月6日《国务院关于修改部分行政法规的决定》修订)
(Promulgated by Decree No. 623 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on August 29, 2012, and revised in accordance with the Decision of the State Council on Amending Certain Administrative Regulations on February 6, 2016)
为了保护气象设施和气象探测环境，确保气象探测信息的代表性、准确性、连续性和可比较性，根据《中华人民共和国气象法》，制定本条例。
These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Meteorology Law of the People's Republic of China to protect meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment, and to ensure the representativeness, accuracy, continuity, and comparability of meteorological detection information.
本条例所称气象设施，是指气象探测设施、气象信息专用传输设施和大型气象专用技术装备等。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'meteorological facilities' refer to meteorological detection facilities, dedicated meteorological information transmission facilities, and large-scale specialized meteorological technical equipment.
本条例所称气象探测环境，是指为避开各种干扰，保证气象探测设施准确获得气象探测信息所必需的最小距离构成的环境空间。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'meteorological detection environment' refers to the environmental space constituted by the minimum distance necessary to avoid various interferences and ensure that meteorological detection facilities accurately obtain meteorological detection information.
气象设施和气象探测环境保护实行分类保护、分级管理的原则。
The protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment shall follow the principles of classified protection and hierarchical management.
县级以上地方人民政府应当加强对气象设施和气象探测环境保护工作的组织领导和统筹协调，将气象设施和气象探测环境保护工作所需经费纳入财政预算。
Local people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the organizational leadership and overall coordination of the protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment, and incorporate the funds required for such protection into the fiscal budget.
国务院气象主管机构负责全国气象设施和气象探测环境的保护工作。地方各级气象主管机构在上级气象主管机构和本级人民政府的领导下，负责本行政区域内气象设施和气象探测环境的保护工作。
The competent meteorological department of the State Council shall be responsible for the protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment nationwide. Local meteorological departments at all levels shall, under the leadership of the superior meteorological department and the local people's government, be responsible for the protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment within their respective administrative regions.
设有气象台站的国务院其他有关部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府其他有关部门应当做好本部门气象设施和气象探测环境的保护工作，并接受同级气象主管机构的指导和监督管理。
Other relevant departments of the State Council and other relevant departments of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government that have established meteorological stations shall properly protect their own meteorological facilities and meteorological detection environment, and shall accept the guidance and supervision of the meteorological department at the same level.
发展改革、国土资源、城乡规划、无线电管理、环境保护等有关部门按照职责分工负责气象设施和气象探测环境保护的有关工作。
The development and reform, land and resources, urban and rural planning, radio management, environmental protection, and other relevant departments shall be responsible for the protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment according to their respective functions and duties.
任何单位和个人都有义务保护气象设施和气象探测环境，并有权对破坏气象设施和气象探测环境的行为进行举报。
All units and individuals have the obligation to protect meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment, and have the right to report acts that damage meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment.
地方各级气象主管机构应当会同城乡规划、国土资源等部门制定气象设施和气象探测环境保护专项规划，报本级人民政府批准后依法纳入城乡规划。
Local meteorological departments at all levels shall, together with the departments of urban and rural planning, land and resources, and others, formulate special plans for the protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment, and submit them to the people's government at the same level for approval before incorporating them into urban and rural planning according to law.
气象设施是基础性公共服务设施。县级以上地方人民政府应当按照气象设施建设规划的要求，合理安排气象设施建设用地，保障气象设施建设顺利进行。
Meteorological facilities are basic public service facilities. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the requirements of meteorological facility construction plans, reasonably arrange land for meteorological facility construction and ensure the smooth progress of meteorological facility construction.
各级气象主管机构应当按照相关质量标准和技术要求配备气象设施，设置必要的保护装置，建立健全安全管理制度。
Meteorological departments at all levels shall, in accordance with relevant quality standards and technical requirements, equip meteorological facilities, install necessary protective devices, and establish and improve safety management systems.
地方各级气象主管机构应当按照国务院气象主管机构的规定，在气象设施附近显著位置设立保护标志，标明保护要求。
Local meteorological departments at all levels shall, in accordance with the provisions of the competent meteorological department of the State Council, set up protection signs at prominent locations near meteorological facilities, indicating the protection requirements.
禁止实施下列危害气象设施的行为：
The following acts that endanger meteorological facilities are prohibited:
(一)侵占、损毁、擅自移动气象设施或者侵占气象设施用地；
(1) Encroaching upon, damaging, or unauthorized moving of meteorological facilities, or encroaching upon land used for meteorological facilities;
(二)在气象设施周边进行危及气象设施安全的爆破、钻探、采石、挖砂、取土等活动；
(2) Conducting blasting, drilling, quarrying, sand excavation, earth taking, or other activities around meteorological facilities that endanger the safety of meteorological facilities;
(三)挤占、干扰依法设立的气象无线电台(站)、频率；
(3) Encroaching upon or interfering with legally established meteorological radio stations (stations) or frequencies;
(四)设置影响大型气象专用技术装备使用功能的干扰源；
(4) Setting up interference sources that affect the normal functioning of large-scale specialized meteorological technical equipment;
(五)法律、行政法规和国务院气象主管机构规定的其他危害气象设施的行为。
(5) Other acts that endanger meteorological facilities as stipulated by laws, administrative regulations, and the competent meteorological department of the State Council.
大气本底站、国家基准气候站、国家基本气象站、国家一般气象站、高空气象观测站、天气雷达站、气象卫星地面站、区域气象观测站等气象台站和单独设立的气象探测设施的探测环境，应当依法予以保护。
The detection environment of meteorological stations such as atmospheric background stations, national benchmark climate stations, national basic weather stations, national general weather stations, upper-air meteorological observation stations, weather radar stations, meteorological satellite ground stations, regional meteorological observation stations, and separately established meteorological detection facilities shall be protected according to law.
禁止实施下列危害大气本底站探测环境的行为：
The following acts that endanger the detection environment of atmospheric background stations are prohibited:
(一)在观测场周边3万米探测环境保护范围内新建、扩建城镇、工矿区，或者在探测环境保护范围上空设置固定航线；
(1) Constructing or expanding towns or industrial and mining areas within a 30,000-meter detection environment protection zone around the observation field, or setting up fixed air routes above the detection environment protection zone;
(二)在观测场周边1万米范围内设置垃圾场、排污口等干扰源；
(2) Setting up garbage dumps, sewage outlets, or other interference sources within a 10,000-meter radius of the observation field;
(三)在观测场周边1000米范围内修建建筑物、构筑物。
(3) Constructing buildings or structures within a 1,000-meter radius of the observation field.
禁止实施下列危害国家基准气候站、国家基本气象站探测环境的行为：
The following acts that endanger the detection environment of national benchmark climate stations and national basic weather stations are prohibited:
(一)在国家基准气候站观测场周边2000米探测环境保护范围内或者国家基本气象站观测场周边1000米探测环境保护范围内修建高度超过距观测场距离1/10的建筑物、构筑物；
(1) Constructing buildings or structures with a height exceeding 1/10 of the distance from the observation field within a 2,000-meter detection environment protection zone for national benchmark climate stations or within a 1,000-meter protection zone for national basic weather stations;
(二)在观测场周边500米范围内设置垃圾场、排污口等干扰源；
(2) Setting up garbage dumps, sewage outlets, or other interference sources within a 500-meter radius of the observation field;
(三)在观测场周边200米范围内修建铁路；
(3) Constructing railways within a 200-meter radius of the observation field;
(四)在观测场周边100米范围内挖筑水塘等；
(4) Digging ponds or similar within a 100-meter radius of the observation field;
(五)在观测场周边50米范围内修建公路、种植高度超过1米的树木和作物等。
(5) Constructing roads or planting trees or crops with a height exceeding 1 meter within a 50-meter radius of the observation field.
禁止实施下列危害国家一般气象站探测环境的行为：
The following acts that endanger the detection environment of national general weather stations are prohibited:
(一)在观测场周边800米探测环境保护范围内修建高度超过距观测场距离1/8的建筑物、构筑物；
(1) Constructing buildings or structures with a height exceeding 1/8 of the distance from the observation field within an 800-meter detection environment protection zone;
(二)在观测场周边200米范围内设置垃圾场、排污口等干扰源；
(2) Setting up garbage dumps, sewage outlets, or other interference sources within a 200-meter radius of the observation field;
(三)在观测场周边100米范围内修建铁路；
(3) Constructing railways within a 100-meter radius of the observation field;
(四)在观测场周边50米范围内挖筑水塘等；
(4) Digging ponds or similar within a 50-meter radius of the observation field;
(五)在观测场周边30米范围内修建公路、种植高度超过1米的树木和作物等。
(5) Constructing roads or planting trees or crops with a height exceeding 1 meter within a 30-meter radius of the observation field.
高空气象观测站、天气雷达站、气象卫星地面站、区域气象观测站和单独设立的气象探测设施探测环境的保护，应当严格执行国家规定的保护范围和要求。
The protection of the detection environment of upper-air meteorological observation stations, weather radar stations, meteorological satellite ground stations, regional meteorological observation stations, and separately established meteorological detection facilities shall strictly implement the protection scope and requirements stipulated by the state.
前款规定的保护范围和要求由国务院气象主管机构公布，涉及无线电频率管理的，国务院气象主管机构应当征得国务院无线电管理部门的同意。
The protection scope and requirements specified in the preceding paragraph shall be published by the competent meteorological department of the State Council. Where radio frequency management is involved, the competent meteorological department of the State Council shall obtain the consent of the radio management department of the State Council.
地方各级气象主管机构应当将本行政区域内气象探测环境保护要求报告本级人民政府和上一级气象主管机构，并抄送同级发展改革、国土资源、城乡规划、住房建设、无线电管理、环境保护等部门。
Local meteorological departments at all levels shall report the requirements for the protection of the meteorological detection environment within their administrative regions to the people's government at the same level and the superior meteorological department, and send copies to the development and reform, land and resources, urban and rural planning, housing construction, radio management, environmental protection, and other departments at the same level.
对不符合气象探测环境保护要求的建筑物、构筑物、干扰源等，地方各级气象主管机构应当根据实际情况，商有关部门提出治理方案，报本级人民政府批准并组织实施。
For buildings, structures, interference sources, etc. that do not meet the requirements for the protection of the meteorological detection environment, local meteorological departments at all levels shall, based on the actual situation, consult with relevant departments to propose a remediation plan, submit it to the people's government at the same level for approval, and organize its implementation.
在气象台站探测环境保护范围内新建、改建、扩建建设工程，应当避免危害气象探测环境；确实无法避免的，建设单位应当向省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构报告并提出相应的补救措施，经省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构书面同意。未征得气象主管机构书面同意或者未落实补救措施的，有关部门不得批准其开工建设。
When constructing, renovating, or expanding construction projects within the detection environment protection zone of a meteorological station, the construction unit shall avoid endangering the meteorological detection environment. If it is truly unavoidable, the construction unit shall report to the meteorological department of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government and propose corresponding remedial measures, and obtain written consent from the said meteorological department. Without the written consent of the meteorological department or without implementing the remedial measures, the relevant department shall not approve the commencement of construction.
在单独设立的气象探测设施探测环境保护范围内新建、改建、扩建建设工程的，建设单位应当事先报告当地气象主管机构，并按照要求采取必要的工程、技术措施。
When constructing, renovating, or expanding construction projects within the detection environment protection zone of a separately established meteorological detection facility, the construction unit shall report to the local meteorological department in advance and take necessary engineering and technical measures as required.
气象台站站址应当保持长期稳定，任何单位或者个人不得擅自迁移气象台站。
The site of a meteorological station shall remain stable for a long period, and no unit or individual may relocate a meteorological station without authorization.
因国家重点工程建设或者城市(镇)总体规划变化，确需迁移气象台站的，建设单位或者当地人民政府应当向省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构提出申请，由省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构组织专家对拟迁新址的科学性、合理性进行评估，符合气象设施和气象探测环境保护要求的，在纳入城市(镇)控制性详细规划后，按照先建站后迁移的原则进行迁移。
If relocation of a meteorological station is truly necessary due to national key engineering construction or changes in the overall urban (town) plan, the construction unit or the local people's government shall apply to the meteorological department of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government. The said meteorological department shall organize experts to evaluate the scientificity and rationality of the proposed new site. If it meets the requirements for the protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment, after being incorporated into the urban (town) regulatory detailed plan, the relocation shall be carried out in accordance with the principle of building the new station before demolishing the old one.
申请迁移大气本底站、国家基准气候站、国家基本气象站的，由受理申请的省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构签署意见并报送国务院气象主管机构审批；申请迁移其他气象台站的，由省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构审批，并报送国务院气象主管机构备案。
For applications to relocate atmospheric background stations, national benchmark climate stations, or national basic weather stations, the meteorological department of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government that accepts the application shall sign an opinion and submit it to the competent meteorological department of the State Council for approval. For applications to relocate other meteorological stations, the meteorological department of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall approve and report to the competent meteorological department of the State Council for record.
气象台站迁移、建设费用由建设单位承担。
The costs of relocation and construction of the meteorological station shall be borne by the construction unit.
气象台站探测环境遭到严重破坏，失去治理和恢复可能的，国务院气象主管机构或者省、自治区、直辖市气象主管机构可以按照职责权限和先建站后迁移的原则，决定迁移气象台站；该气象台站所在地地方人民政府应当保证气象台站迁移用地，并承担迁移、建设费用。地方人民政府承担迁移、建设费用后，可以向破坏探测环境的责任人追偿。
If the detection environment of a meteorological station is severely damaged and cannot be restored or remedied, the competent meteorological department of the State Council or the meteorological department of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may, in accordance with its authority and the principle of building the new station before demolishing the old one, decide to relocate the meteorological station. The local people's government where the meteorological station is located shall ensure the land for the relocation of the meteorological station and bear the costs of relocation and construction. After bearing the costs of relocation and construction, the local people's government may recover the costs from the person responsible for damaging the detection environment.
迁移气象台站的，应当按照国务院气象主管机构的规定，在新址与旧址之间进行至少1年的对比观测。
When relocating a meteorological station, comparative observations shall be conducted between the new site and the old site for at least one year in accordance with the provisions of the competent meteorological department of the State Council.
迁移的气象台站经批准、决定迁移的气象主管机构验收合格，正式投入使用后，方可改变旧址用途。
The relocated meteorological station may only change the use of the old site after it has been accepted as qualified by the meteorological department that approved or decided the relocation and has been officially put into use.
因工程建设或者气象探测环境治理需要迁移单独设立的气象探测设施的，应当经设立该气象探测设施的单位同意，并按照国务院气象主管机构规定的技术要求进行复建。
If the relocation of a separately established meteorological detection facility is necessary due to engineering construction or remediation of the meteorological detection environment, the consent of the unit that established the meteorological detection facility shall be obtained, and the facility shall be rebuilt in accordance with the technical requirements stipulated by the competent meteorological department of the State Council.
各级气象主管机构应当加强对气象设施和气象探测环境保护的日常巡查和监督检查。各级气象主管机构可以采取下列措施：
Meteorological departments at all levels shall strengthen daily inspections and supervision of the protection of meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment. Meteorological departments at all levels may take the following measures:
(一)要求被检查单位或者个人提供有关文件、证照、资料；
(1) Requiring the unit or individual under inspection to provide relevant documents, licenses, and materials;
(二)要求被检查单位或者个人就有关问题作出说明；
(2) Requiring the unit or individual under inspection to explain relevant issues;
(三)进入现场调查、取证。
(3) Entering the site for investigation and evidence collection.
各级气象主管机构在监督检查中发现应当由其他部门查处的违法行为，应当通报有关部门进行查处。有关部门未及时查处的，各级气象主管机构可以直接通报、报告有关地方人民政府责成有关部门进行查处。
If, during supervision and inspection, a meteorological department at any level discovers illegal acts that should be investigated and dealt with by other departments, it shall notify the relevant departments to investigate and deal with them. If the relevant departments fail to investigate and deal with them in a timely manner, the meteorological department may directly notify or report to the relevant local people's government to instruct the relevant departments to investigate and deal with them.
各级气象主管机构以及发展改革、国土资源、城乡规划、无线电管理、环境保护等有关部门及其工作人员违反本条例规定，有下列行为之一的，由本级人民政府或者上级机关责令改正，通报批评；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
If meteorological departments at all levels, as well as the development and reform, land and resources, urban and rural planning, radio management, environmental protection, and other relevant departments and their staff, violate the provisions of these Regulations by committing any of the following acts, the people's government at the same level or the superior organ shall order correction and circulate a notice of criticism; the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given disciplinary sanctions according to law; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
(一)擅自迁移气象台站的；
(1) Unauthorized relocation of a meteorological station;
(二)擅自批准在气象探测环境保护范围内设置垃圾场、排污口、无线电台(站)等干扰源以及新建、改建、扩建建设工程危害气象探测环境的；
(2) Unauthorized approval of setting up garbage dumps, sewage outlets, radio stations (stations), or other interference sources within the meteorological detection environment protection zone, or unauthorized approval of construction, renovation, or expansion of construction projects that endanger the meteorological detection environment;
(三)有其他滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊等不履行气象设施和气象探测环境保护职责行为的。
(3) Other acts of abuse of power, dereliction of duty, or engaging in malpractice for personal gain that fail to fulfill the duties of protecting meteorological facilities and the meteorological detection environment.
违反本条例规定，危害气象设施的，由气象主管机构责令停止违法行为，限期恢复原状或者采取其他补救措施；逾期拒不恢复原状或者采取其他补救措施的，由气象主管机构依法申请人民法院强制执行，并对违法单位处1万元以上5万元以下罚款，对违法个人处100元以上1000元以下罚款；造成损害的，依法承担赔偿责任；构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Whoever, in violation of the provisions of these Regulations, endangers meteorological facilities shall be ordered by the meteorological department to cease the illegal act, restore the original state within a time limit, or take other remedial measures. If the party refuses to restore the original state or take other remedial measures within the time limit, the meteorological department shall apply to the people's court for compulsory enforcement according to law, and impose a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan on the illegal unit, and a fine of not less than 100 yuan but not more than 1,000 yuan on the illegal individual. If damage is caused, the party shall bear compensation liability according to law. If the act constitutes a violation of public security administration, the public security organ shall impose public security administration penalties according to law. If a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law.
挤占、干扰依法设立的气象无线电台(站)、频率的，依照无线电管理相关法律法规的规定处罚。
Whoever encroaches upon or interferes with legally established meteorological radio stations (stations) or frequencies shall be punished in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations on radio management.
违反本条例规定，危害气象探测环境的，由气象主管机构责令停止违法行为，限期拆除或者恢复原状，情节严重的，对违法单位处2万元以上5万元以下罚款，对违法个人处200元以上5000元以下罚款；逾期拒不拆除或者恢复原状的，由气象主管机构依法申请人民法院强制执行；造成损害的，依法承担赔偿责任。
Whoever, in violation of the provisions of these Regulations, endangers the meteorological detection environment shall be ordered by the meteorological department to cease the illegal act, demolish or restore the original state within a time limit. If the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 50,000 yuan shall be imposed on the illegal unit, and a fine of not less than 200 yuan but not more than 5,000 yuan shall be imposed on the illegal individual. If the party refuses to demolish or restore the original state within the time limit, the meteorological department shall apply to the people's court for compulsory enforcement according to law. If damage is caused, the party shall bear compensation liability according to law.
在气象探测环境保护范围内，违法批准占用土地的，或者非法占用土地新建建筑物或者其他设施的，依照城乡规划、土地管理等相关法律法规的规定处罚。
If, within the meteorological detection environment protection zone, land occupation is illegally approved, or buildings or other structures are illegally constructed on illegally occupied land, punishment shall be imposed in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations on urban and rural planning and land management.
本条例自2012年12月1日起施行。
These Regulations shall come into force as of December 1, 2012.