Regulations on Emergency Measures for Destructive Earthquakes

(1995年2月11日中华人民共和国国务院令第172号发布　根据2011年1月8日《国务院关于废止和修改部分行政法规的决定》修订)

(Issued by Decree No. 172 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on February 11, 1995, and amended in accordance with the Decision of the State Council on Repealing and Amending Certain Administrative Regulations on January 8, 2011)

为了加强对破坏性地震应急活动的管理，减轻地震灾害损失，保障国家财产和公民人身、财产安全，维护社会秩序，制定本条例。

These Regulations are formulated to strengthen the management of emergency response activities for destructive earthquakes, mitigate earthquake disaster losses, protect state property and the safety of citizens' lives and property, and maintain social order.

在中华人民共和国境内从事破坏性地震应急活动，必须遵守本条例。

Any person engaged in emergency response activities for destructive earthquakes within the territory of the People's Republic of China must comply with these Regulations.

地震应急工作实行政府领导、统一管理和分级、分部门负责的原则。

Earthquake emergency work shall adhere to the principles of government leadership, unified management, and graded and departmental responsibility.

各级人民政府应当加强地震应急的宣传、教育工作，提高社会防震减灾意识。

People's governments at all levels shall strengthen publicity and education on earthquake emergency response to enhance public awareness of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.

任何组织和个人都有参加地震应急活动的义务。

All organizations and individuals have the obligation to participate in earthquake emergency response activities.

中国人民解放军和中国人民武装警察部队是地震应急工作的重要力量。

The People's Liberation Army and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force are important forces in earthquake emergency work.

国务院防震减灾工作主管部门指导和监督全国地震应急工作。国务院有关部门按照各自的职责，具体负责本部门的地震应急工作。

The department in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under the State Council shall guide and supervise national earthquake emergency work. Relevant departments under the State Council shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, specifically handle their own earthquake emergency work.

造成特大损失的严重破坏性地震发生后，国务院设立抗震救灾指挥部，国务院防震减灾工作主管部门为其办事机构；国务院有关部门设立本部门的地震应急机构。

After the occurrence of a severe destructive earthquake causing extraordinary losses, the State Council shall establish an earthquake relief headquarters, with the department in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under the State Council serving as its office; relevant departments under the State Council shall establish their own earthquake emergency organizations.

县级以上地方人民政府防震减灾工作主管部门指导和监督本行政区域内的地震应急工作。

The departments in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under local people's governments at or above the county level shall guide and supervise earthquake emergency work within their respective administrative regions.

破坏性地震发生后，有关县级以上地方人民政府应当设立抗震救灾指挥部，对本行政区域内的地震应急工作实行集中领导，其办事机构设在本级人民政府防震减灾工作主管部门或者本级人民政府指定的其他部门；国务院另有规定的，从其规定。

After the occurrence of a destructive earthquake, the relevant local people's government at or above the county level shall establish an earthquake relief headquarters to exercise centralized leadership over earthquake emergency work within its administrative region, with its office located in the department in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under the people's government at the same level or another department designated by the people's government at the same level; where the State Council has otherwise provided, such provisions shall prevail.

国家的破坏性地震应急预案，由国务院防震减灾工作主管部门会同国务院有关部门制定，报国务院批准。

The national destructive earthquake emergency plan shall be formulated by the department in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under the State Council jointly with relevant departments under the State Council and submitted to the State Council for approval.

国务院有关部门应当根据国家的破坏性地震应急预案，制定本部门的破坏性地震应急预案，并报国务院防震减灾工作主管部门备案。

Relevant departments under the State Council shall, based on the national destructive earthquake emergency plan, formulate their own destructive earthquake emergency plans and report them to the department in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under the State Council for record.

根据地震灾害预测，可能发生破坏性地震地区的县级以上地方人民政府防震减灾工作主管部门应当会同同级有关部门以及有关单位，参照国家的破坏性地震应急预案，制定本行政区域内的破坏性地震应急预案，报本级人民政府批准；省、自治区和人口在100万以上的城市的破坏性地震应急预案，还应当报国务院防震减灾工作主管部门备案。

Based on earthquake disaster predictions, the departments in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under local people's governments at or above the county level in areas where destructive earthquakes may occur shall, jointly with relevant departments at the same level and relevant units, formulate destructive earthquake emergency plans for their respective administrative regions by reference to the national destructive earthquake emergency plan, and submit them to the people's government at the same level for approval; the destructive earthquake emergency plans of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities with a population of one million or more shall also be reported to the department in charge of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction under the State Council for record.

部门和地方制定破坏性地震应急预案，应当从本部门或者本地区的实际情况出发，做到切实可行。

When formulating destructive earthquake emergency plans, departments and localities shall proceed from their actual conditions and ensure that the plans are practical and feasible.

破坏性地震应急预案应当包括下列主要内容：

A destructive earthquake emergency plan shall include the following main contents:

(一)应急机构的组成和职责；

(1) Composition and responsibilities of the emergency organization;

(二)应急通信保障；

(2) Emergency communication support;

(三)抢险救援的人员、资金、物资准备；

(3) Preparation of personnel, funds, and materials for emergency rescue;

(四)灾害评估准备；

(4) Preparation for disaster assessment;

(五)应急行动方案。

(5) Emergency action plans.

制定破坏性地震应急预案的部门和地方，应当根据震情的变化以及实施中发现的问题，及时对其制定的破坏性地震应急预案进行修订、补充；涉及重大事项调整的，应当报经原批准机关同意。

Departments and localities that have formulated destructive earthquake emergency plans shall, in light of changes in the earthquake situation and problems discovered during implementation, promptly revise and supplement their destructive earthquake emergency plans; where major adjustments are involved, approval from the original approving authority shall be obtained.

地震临震预报，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府依照国务院有关发布地震预报的规定统一发布，其他任何组织或者个人不得发布地震预报。

Earthquake imminent forecasts shall be uniformly issued by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government in accordance with the provisions of the State Council on issuing earthquake forecasts. No other organization or individual may issue earthquake forecasts.

任何组织或者个人都不得传播有关地震的谣言。发生地震谣传时，防震减灾工作主管部门应当协助人民政府迅速予以平息和澄清。

No organization or individual may spread rumors about earthquakes. When earthquake rumors occur, the competent department for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction shall assist the people's government in quickly quelling and clarifying them.

破坏性地震临震预报发布后，有关省、自治区、直辖市人民政府可以宣布预报区进入临震应急期，并指明临震应急期的起止时间。

After the issuance of an imminent destructive earthquake forecast, the relevant people's government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may declare the forecast area to enter a pre-earthquake emergency period and specify the start and end times of the pre-earthquake emergency period.

临震应急期一般为10日；必要时，可以延长10日。

The pre-earthquake emergency period is generally 10 days; if necessary, it may be extended by 10 days.

在临震应急期，有关地方人民政府应当根据震情，统一部署破坏性地震应急预案的实施工作，并对临震应急活动中发生的争议采取紧急处理措施。

During the pre-earthquake emergency period, the relevant local people's government shall, based on the earthquake situation, uniformly deploy the implementation of the destructive earthquake emergency plan and take emergency measures to handle disputes arising during pre-earthquake emergency activities.

在临震应急期，各级防震减灾工作主管部门应当协助本级人民政府对实施破坏性地震应急预案工作进行检查。

During the pre-earthquake emergency period, the competent departments for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction at all levels shall assist the people's government at the same level in inspecting the implementation of the destructive earthquake emergency plan.

在临震应急期，有关地方人民政府应当根据实际情况，向预报区的居民以及其他人员提出避震撤离的劝告；情况紧急时，应当有组织地进行避震疏散。

During the pre-earthquake emergency period, the relevant local people's government shall, based on the actual situation, advise residents and other persons in the forecast area to evacuate and take shelter from the earthquake; in urgent situations, organized evacuation and shelter shall be carried out.

在临震应急期，有关地方人民政府有权在本行政区域内紧急调用物资、设备、人员和占用场地，任何组织或者个人都不得阻拦；调用物资、设备或者占用场地的，事后应当及时归还或者给予补偿。

During the pre-earthquake emergency period, the relevant local people's government has the right to urgently requisition materials, equipment, personnel, and occupy sites within its administrative region. No organization or individual may obstruct such actions; after requisitioning materials, equipment, or occupying sites, they shall be promptly returned or compensation shall be provided.

在临震应急期，有关部门应当对生命线工程和次生灾害源采取紧急防护措施。

During the pre-earthquake emergency period, relevant departments shall take emergency protective measures for lifeline projects and sources of secondary disasters.

破坏性地震发生后，有关的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府应当宣布灾区进入震后应急期，并指明震后应急期的起止时间。

After a destructive earthquake occurs, the relevant people's government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall declare the disaster area to enter a post-earthquake emergency period and specify the start and end times of the post-earthquake emergency period.

震后应急期一般为10日；必要时，可以延长20日。

The post-earthquake emergency period is generally 10 days; if necessary, it may be extended by 20 days.

破坏性地震发生后，抗震救灾指挥部应当及时组织实施破坏性地震应急预案，及时将震情、灾情及其发展趋势等信息报告上一级人民政府。

After a destructive earthquake occurs, the earthquake relief headquarters shall promptly organize the implementation of the destructive earthquake emergency plan and timely report information on the earthquake situation, disaster situation, and development trends to the people's government at the next higher level.

防震减灾工作主管部门应当加强现场地震监测预报工作，并及时会同有关部门评估地震灾害损失；灾情调查结果，应当及时报告本级人民政府抗震救灾指挥部和上一级防震减灾工作主管部门。

The competent department for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction shall strengthen on-site earthquake monitoring and forecasting work and promptly assess earthquake disaster losses together with relevant departments; the results of disaster investigation shall be promptly reported to the earthquake relief headquarters of the people's government at the same level and the competent department for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction at the next higher level.

交通、铁路、民航等部门应当尽快恢复被损毁的道路、铁路、水港、空港和有关设施，并优先保证抢险救援人员、物资的运输和灾民的疏散。其他部门有交通运输工具的，应当无条件服从抗震救灾指挥部的征用或者调用。

Departments of transportation, railways, civil aviation, etc., shall promptly restore damaged roads, railways, ports, airports, and related facilities, and give priority to the transportation of rescue personnel and materials and the evacuation of disaster victims. Other departments with transportation vehicles shall unconditionally comply with the requisition or allocation by the earthquake relief headquarters.

通信部门应当尽快恢复被破坏的通信设施，保证抗震救灾通信畅通。其他部门有通信设施的，应当优先为破坏性地震应急工作服务。

Communication departments shall promptly restore damaged communication facilities to ensure smooth communication for earthquake relief. Other departments with communication facilities shall give priority to serving destructive earthquake emergency work.

供水、供电部门应当尽快恢复被破坏的供水、供电设施，保证灾区用水、用电。

Water supply and power supply departments shall promptly restore damaged water supply and power supply facilities to ensure water and electricity for the disaster area.

卫生部门应当立即组织急救队伍，利用各种医疗设施或者建立临时治疗点，抢救伤员，及时检查、监测灾区的饮用水源、食品等，采取有效措施防止和控制传染病的暴发流行，并向受灾人员提供精神、心理卫生方面的帮助。医药部门应当及时提供救灾所需药品。其他部门应当配合卫生、医药部门，做好卫生防疫以及伤亡人员的抢救、处理工作。

Health departments shall immediately organize emergency medical teams, use various medical facilities or establish temporary treatment points to rescue the injured, promptly inspect and monitor drinking water sources and food in the disaster area, take effective measures to prevent and control the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases, and provide mental and psychological health assistance to affected persons. Pharmaceutical departments shall promptly provide medicines needed for disaster relief. Other departments shall cooperate with health and pharmaceutical departments in carrying out epidemic prevention and the rescue and handling of casualties.

民政部门应当迅速设置避难场所和救济物资供应点，提供救济物品等，保障灾民的基本生活，做好灾民的转移和安置工作。其他部门应当支持、配合民政部门妥善安置灾民。

Civil affairs departments shall quickly set up shelters and relief supply points, provide relief items, etc., ensure the basic living needs of disaster victims, and properly carry out the transfer and resettlement of disaster victims. Other departments shall support and cooperate with civil affairs departments in properly resettling disaster victims.

公安部门应当加强灾区的治安管理和安全保卫工作，预防和制止各种破坏活动，维护社会治安，保证抢险救灾工作顺利进行，尽快恢复社会秩序。

Public security departments shall strengthen public security management and security protection in the disaster area, prevent and stop various destructive activities, maintain social order, ensure the smooth progress of rescue and relief work, and quickly restore social order.

石油、化工、水利、电力、建设等部门和单位以及危险品生产、储运等单位，应当按照各自的职责，对可能发生或者已经发生次生灾害的地点和设施采取紧急处置措施，并加强监视、控制，防止灾害扩展。

Departments and units of petroleum, chemical industry, water resources, electric power, construction, etc., as well as units producing and storing dangerous goods, shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, take emergency measures for locations and facilities where secondary disasters may occur or have already occurred, and strengthen monitoring and control to prevent the expansion of disasters.

公安消防机构应当严密监视灾区火灾的发生；出现火灾时，应当组织力量抢救人员和物资，并采取有效防范措施，防止火势扩大、蔓延。

Public security fire departments shall closely monitor the occurrence of fires in the disaster area; when a fire occurs, they shall organize forces to rescue persons and materials and take effective preventive measures to prevent the fire from spreading and expanding.

广播电台、电视台等新闻单位应当根据抗震救灾指挥部提供的情况，按照规定及时向公众发布震情、灾情等有关信息，并做好宣传、报道工作。

News units such as radio stations and television stations shall, based on information provided by the earthquake relief headquarters and in accordance with regulations, promptly release information on the earthquake situation, disaster situation, etc., to the public and carry out publicity and reporting work.

抗震救灾指挥部可以请求非灾区的人民政府接受并妥善安置灾民和提供其他救援。

The earthquake relief headquarters may request the people's governments of non-disaster areas to accept and properly resettle disaster victims and provide other assistance.

破坏性地震发生后，国内非灾区提供的紧急救援，由抗震救灾指挥部负责接受和安排；国际社会提供的紧急救援，由国务院民政部门负责接受和安排；国外红十字会和国际社会通过中国红十字会提供的紧急救援，由中国红十字会负责接受和安排。

After a destructive earthquake occurs, emergency relief provided by domestic non-affected areas shall be accepted and arranged by the earthquake relief headquarters; emergency relief provided by the international community shall be accepted and arranged by the civil affairs department of the State Council; emergency relief provided by foreign Red Cross societies and the international community through the Red Cross Society of China shall be accepted and arranged by the Red Cross Society of China.

因严重破坏性地震应急的需要，可以在灾区实行特别管制措施。省、自治区、直辖市行政区域内的特别管制措施，由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府决定；跨省、自治区、直辖市的特别管制措施，由有关省、自治区、直辖市人民政府共同决定或者由国务院决定；中断干线交通或者封锁国境的特别管制措施，由国务院决定。

When necessary for emergency response to a severe destructive earthquake, special control measures may be implemented in the disaster area. Special control measures within the administrative region of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall be decided by the people's government of that province, autonomous region, or municipality; special control measures involving multiple provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be decided jointly by the relevant people's governments or by the State Council; special control measures that interrupt trunk transportation or seal national borders shall be decided by the State Council.

特别管制措施的解除，由原决定机关宣布。

The lifting of special control measures shall be announced by the original deciding authority.

在破坏性地震应急活动中有下列事迹之一的，由其所在单位、上级机关或者防震减灾工作主管部门给予表彰或者奖励：

Units or individuals that perform any of the following deeds during destructive earthquake emergency activities shall be commended or rewarded by their unit, superior authority, or the competent department of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction:

(一)出色完成破坏性地震应急任务的；

(1) Outstandingly completing destructive earthquake emergency tasks;

(二)保护国家、集体和公民的财产或者抢救人员有功的；

(2) Meritoriously protecting state, collective, or citizens' property or rescuing personnel;

(三)及时排除险情，防止灾害扩大，成绩显著的；

(3) Promptly eliminating dangers, preventing disaster expansion, with remarkable results;

(四)对地震应急工作提出重大建议，实施效果显著的；

(4) Proposing significant suggestions for earthquake emergency work with remarkable implementation effects;

(五)因震情、灾情测报准确和信息传递及时而减轻灾害损失的；

(5) Reducing disaster losses due to accurate earthquake and disaster situation forecasting and timely information transmission;

(六)及时供应用于应急救灾的物资和工具或者节约经费开支，成绩显著的；

(6) Timely supplying materials and tools for emergency relief or saving expenses, with remarkable results;

(七)有其他特殊贡献的。

(7) Making other special contributions.

有下列行为之一的，对负有直接责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予行政处分；属于违反治安管理行为的，依照治安管理处罚法的规定给予处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：

Any of the following acts shall result in administrative sanctions against the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel according to law; if it constitutes a violation of public security administration, punishment shall be imposed according to the Public Security Administration Punishments Law; if it constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:

(一)不按照本条例规定制定破坏性地震应急预案的；

(1) Failing to formulate a destructive earthquake emergency plan in accordance with these Regulations;

(二)不按照破坏性地震应急预案的规定和抗震救灾指挥部的要求实施破坏性地震应急预案的；

(2) Failing to implement the destructive earthquake emergency plan in accordance with its provisions and the requirements of the earthquake relief headquarters;

(三)违抗抗震救灾指挥部命令，拒不承担地震应急任务的；

(3) Disobeying orders of the earthquake relief headquarters and refusing to undertake earthquake emergency tasks;

(四)阻挠抗震救灾指挥部紧急调用物资、人员或者占用场地的；

(4) Obstructing the earthquake relief headquarters from urgently requisitioning materials, personnel, or occupying sites;

(五)贪污、挪用、盗窃地震应急工作经费或者物资的；

(5) Embezzling, misappropriating, or stealing earthquake emergency funds or materials;

(六)有特定责任的国家工作人员在临震应急期或者震后应急期不坚守岗位，不及时掌握震情、灾情，临阵脱逃或者玩忽职守的；

(6) State personnel with specific responsibilities failing to remain at their posts during the imminent earthquake emergency period or post-earthquake emergency period, failing to timely grasp earthquake and disaster situations, deserting, or neglecting their duties;

(七)在临震应急期或者震后应急期哄抢国家、集体或者公民的财产的；

(7) Looting state, collective, or citizens' property during the imminent earthquake emergency period or post-earthquake emergency period;

(八)阻碍抗震救灾人员执行职务或者进行破坏活动的；

(8) Obstructing earthquake relief personnel from performing their duties or engaging in destructive activities;

(九)不按照规定和实际情况报告灾情的；

(9) Failing to report disaster situations in accordance with regulations and actual conditions;

(十)散布谣言，扰乱社会秩序，影响破坏性地震应急工作的；

(10) Spreading rumors, disrupting social order, and affecting destructive earthquake emergency work;

(十一)有对破坏性地震应急工作造成危害的其他行为的。

(11) Other acts that cause harm to destructive earthquake emergency work.

本条例下列用语的含义：

The meanings of the following terms in these Regulations:

(一)“地震应急”，是指为了减轻地震灾害而采取的不同于正常工作程序的紧急防灾和抢险行动；

(1) "Earthquake emergency" refers to emergency disaster prevention and rescue actions taken to mitigate earthquake disasters, which differ from normal working procedures;

(二)“破坏性地震”，是指造成一定数量的人员伤亡和经济损失的地震事件；

(2) "Destructive earthquake" refers to an earthquake event that causes a certain number of casualties and economic losses;

(三)“严重破坏性地震”，是指造成严重的人员伤亡和经济损失，使灾区丧失或者部分丧失自我恢复能力，需要国家采取对抗行动的地震事件；

(3) "Severe destructive earthquake" refers to an earthquake event that causes severe casualties and economic losses, rendering the disaster area unable or partially unable to recover on its own, requiring the state to take countermeasures;

(四)“生命线工程”，是指对社会生活、生产有重大影响的交通、通信、供水、排水、供电、供气、输油等工程系统；

(4) "Lifeline engineering" refers to engineering systems such as transportation, communication, water supply, drainage, power supply, gas supply, and oil pipelines that have a significant impact on social life and production;

(五)“次生灾害源”，是指因地震而可能引发水灾、火灾、爆炸等灾害的易燃易爆物品、有毒物质贮存设施、水坝、堤岸等。

(5) "Sources of secondary disasters" refer to facilities storing flammable, explosive, or toxic substances, dams, and embankments that may trigger disasters such as floods, fires, or explosions due to an earthquake.

本条例自1995年4月1日起施行。

These Regulations shall come into force as of April 1, 1995.