Interim Regulations on Work-Study Programs in Primary and Secondary Schools Nationwide

(教育部、国家计划委员会、国家经济委员会、财政部制定　1983年2月20日国务院批转　国发〔1983〕25号)

(Formulated by the Ministry of Education, the State Planning Commission, the State Economic Commission, and the Ministry of Finance; approved and transmitted by the State Council on February 20, 1983, Document No. Guo Fa [1983] 25)

开展勤工俭学活动，实行教育与生产劳动相结合，是坚持马克思主义教育思想，全面贯彻党的教育方针，培养德、智、体全面发展的有社会主义觉悟的有文化的劳动者的有效途径之一；是学校教育工作的组成部分。勤工俭学的开展，对提高教育质量，发展我国社会主义教育事业具有一定的作用。

Carrying out work-study activities and integrating education with productive labor is one of the effective ways to adhere to Marxist educational thought, fully implement the Party's educational policy, and cultivate socialist-minded and cultured laborers with all-round moral, intellectual, and physical development; it is a component of school education. The development of work-study plays a certain role in improving educational quality and developing China's socialist education.

勤工俭学的主要任务是：

The main tasks of work-study are:

1．通过劳动实践对学生进行思想政治教育，培养学生热爱劳动、热爱劳动人民、热爱科学、爱护公共财物、有理想、讲文明、懂礼貌、守纪律、艰苦奋斗的道德品质。

1. Conduct ideological and political education for students through labor practice, cultivating students' moral qualities of loving labor, loving the working people, loving science, caring for public property, having ideals, being civilized, polite, disciplined, and hardworking.

2．理论联系实际，结合教学开展一些科学实验、科学种田活动，培养学生运用理论知识解决实际问题的能力，并使学生学到一定的生产知识和劳动技能。

2. Integrate theory with practice, carry out scientific experiments and scientific farming activities in conjunction with teaching, cultivate students' ability to use theoretical knowledge to solve practical problems, and enable students to acquire certain production knowledge and labor skills.

3．搞好生产，创造物质财富，为改善办学条件和师生福利提供一定的条件。

3. Do a good job in production, create material wealth, and provide certain conditions for improving school conditions and teacher-student welfare.

要从实际出发，因地制宜地积极开展多种形式的勤工俭学活动，要坚持社会主义方向和自力更生、艰苦创业的精神，根据当地的自然条件和学校的可能，宜工则工、宜农则农(含林、牧、副、渔)，为教学和科研服务，为生产服务，为人民生活服务，有条件的也要为外贸出口服务。

Proceed from reality, adapt to local conditions, and actively carry out various forms of work-study activities. Adhere to the socialist orientation and the spirit of self-reliance and hard work. According to local natural conditions and school possibilities, engage in industry where suitable, agriculture (including forestry, animal husbandry, sideline, and fishery) where suitable, serving teaching and scientific research, serving production, serving people's livelihood, and where conditions permit, also serving foreign trade export.

各级人民政府要加强对勤工俭学工作的领导。各级政府的计划、经济、财政及其它有关部门，要把校办工业、农业做为经济工作的一个组成部分，积极予以扶持和指导，把勤工俭学的事业筹划好、安排好。县以上教育行政部门要切实加强管理。

People's governments at all levels shall strengthen leadership over work-study work. The planning, economic, financial, and other relevant departments of governments at all levels shall treat school-run industries and agriculture as a component of economic work, actively support and guide them, and plan and arrange work-study undertakings well. Education administrative departments at or above the county level shall effectively strengthen management.

校办工厂、农场实行经济核算，独立经营，自负盈亏。要加强经营管理，有计划地组织生产、建立健全各项管理制度、积极提高经济效益。

School-run factories and farms shall implement economic accounting, operate independently, and assume sole responsibility for their profits and losses. Strengthen management, organize production in a planned manner, establish and improve various management systems, and actively improve economic efficiency.

各级教育部门和财政部门，要根据教育部、财政部（82）教供字028号文件颁发的《全国中小学勤工俭学财务管理暂行办法》，加强对勤工俭学财务工作的领导和监督。

Education departments and financial departments at all levels shall, in accordance with the "Interim Measures for Financial Management of Work-Study in Primary and Secondary Schools Nationwide" issued by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance (Document No. (82) Jiao Gong Zi 028), strengthen leadership and supervision over work-study financial work.

要按照中、小学教学计划的规定，组织学生参加生产劳动或公益劳动。要正确处理教育与生产劳动的关系，使生产劳动与政治思想教育、生产劳动与教学结合起来。不得随意增减教学和劳动时间，防止学生不参加劳动或参加劳动过多的偏向。

Organize students to participate in productive labor or public welfare labor in accordance with the teaching plans of primary and secondary schools. Correctly handle the relationship between education and productive labor, so that productive labor is combined with ideological and political education and teaching. Do not arbitrarily increase or decrease teaching and labor time, and avoid the tendency of students not participating in labor or participating in too much labor.

组织学生参加生产劳动，必须注意学生的年龄、性别、健康状况和知识水平。要加强领导和管理，做好防护工作，保证学生安全。要教育学生严格遵守劳动纪律，服从指导，按操作规程进行操作。严禁组织学生参加有毒、有害和危险的生产作业，以及过重的劳动。

When organizing students to participate in productive labor, attention must be paid to students' age, gender, health status, and knowledge level. Strengthen leadership and management, do a good job in protection, and ensure student safety. Educate students to strictly observe labor discipline, obey guidance, and operate according to operating procedures. It is strictly forbidden to organize students to participate in toxic, harmful, and dangerous production operations, as well as excessively heavy labor.

学校举办工厂，一般规模不宜过大，以便于经营管理。根据需要和可能，可一个学校单独办厂和几个学校联合办厂。校办工厂应利用当地有利条件，生产有原料来源、适销对路的各种产品。有条件的学校可以承接外贸部门同意的外商来料加工、来件装配任务。教育战线所需的产品，尽量安排在校办工厂生产。严格禁止生产迷信产品和易燃易爆等危险品。

Schools that establish factories generally should not be too large in scale to facilitate management. According to needs and possibilities, a single school may run a factory independently, or several schools may jointly run a factory. School-run factories should utilize local favorable conditions to produce various products with available raw materials and market demand. Schools with conditions may undertake foreign processing and assembly tasks agreed by foreign trade departments. Products needed by the education sector should be arranged for production in school-run factories as much as possible. It is strictly forbidden to produce superstitious products and flammable, explosive, and other dangerous goods.

学校开展勤工俭学，不要搞纯商业经营。商业性的职业班和职业学校，可结合专业试办商业、饮食业、服务业和各项修理等行业，为国家培养劳动技术后备力量提供生产实习场地。

Schools carrying out work-study should not engage in pure commercial operations. Commercial vocational classes and vocational schools may, in conjunction with their specialties, try to run commercial, catering, service, and various repair industries, providing production practice sites for cultivating reserve labor technical personnel for the country.

校办工业的生产，产品属国家、部门或地区管理的，其产、供、销计划，由校办工厂的主管部门汇总，报送有关部门。各有关部门要按照不同情况，采取不同形式，列入本系统计划，由计划部门进行综合平衡。对纳入计划的产品，要按计划执行。原有协作关系，不要轻易中断。不属于国家、部门或地区管理的小商品，由生产单位在国家政策法令许可的范围内，自行组织生产和销售。对于需要调整、转产的，有关部门要及时通报情况，帮助转产适合社会需要的产品。

For the production of school-run industries, if the products are managed by the state, departments, or regions, the production, supply, and sales plans shall be summarized by the competent department of the school-run factory and submitted to the relevant departments. The relevant departments shall, according to different circumstances, adopt different forms to include them in their own system plans, and the planning department shall conduct comprehensive balancing. For products included in the plan, the plan shall be implemented. Original cooperative relationships should not be easily interrupted. For small commodities not managed by the state, departments, or regions, the production units may organize production and sales on their own within the scope permitted by national policies, laws, and regulations. For products that need adjustment or change of production, the relevant departments shall promptly inform the situation and help change production to products that meet social needs.

校办工厂生产所需的原材料、设备、燃料等国家统配物资，有关地方和部门要统筹供应。属于有关单位带料加工的，材料仍由有关单位供应。

For raw materials, equipment, fuel, and other state-allocated materials needed for the production of school-run factories, relevant local authorities and departments shall coordinate supply. If materials are provided by the entrusting unit for processing, the materials shall still be supplied by that unit.

校办工厂的产品，凡不属国家统一调拨又为市场需要的，商业、外贸部门应按国家规定的价格收购或按有关规定自销，或举办联合展销门市部。对适合学校组织的出口项目和有出口价值的产品，外贸部门要积极扶持、指导。

For products of school-run factories that are not subject to unified state allocation but are needed by the market, commercial and foreign trade departments shall purchase them at state-set prices or allow self-sale according to relevant regulations, or hold joint exhibition and sales outlets. For export projects suitable for school organization and products with export value, foreign trade departments shall actively support and guide.

校办工厂的固定资产及一切财物属学校所有，由学校隶属部门归口管理，其它部门不得借口“调整”“归口”或其他理由平调、收缴和占用，已经发生上述现象的，要在当地政府领导下，妥善解决。

The fixed assets and all property of school-run factories belong to the school and shall be managed by the department to which the school is subordinate. Other departments shall not, under the pretext of "adjustment," "centralized management," or other reasons, transfer, confiscate, or occupy them. If such situations have occurred, they shall be properly resolved under the leadership of the local government.

学校内部不准私分或变相私分勤工俭学的财物。

Within the school, it is not allowed to privately divide or covertly divide the property of work-study.

有关部门要积极支持校办工厂开展新产品的研制，并在技术、设备、材料、科研费等方面给予帮助和支持，对研究成果要给予奖励，其他单位采用时要给予适当代价。

Relevant departments shall actively support school-run factories in developing new products and provide help and support in terms of technology, equipment, materials, and research funds. Research results shall be rewarded, and other units using them shall pay appropriate compensation.

各地区各部门在工业调整、产品归口、规划定点时，对校办工厂要给予扶植和支持。召开有关订货会、展销会、经营管理经验交流会以及有关方针、政策的传达等，都应通知同级教育行政部门参加。

During industrial adjustment, product consolidation, and planning and site selection, all regions and departments shall support and assist school-run factories. When convening relevant ordering meetings, exhibitions, management experience exchange meetings, and conveying relevant policies and guidelines, the education administrative department at the same level shall be notified to participate.

学校为开展勤工俭学举办工厂或经营其它项目，要按国家有关规定办理，报经教育行政部门批准，按规定向当地工商行政管理部门申请登记，核发营业执照。有关部门要积极予以支持和指导。

Schools that establish factories or operate other projects for work-study shall handle matters in accordance with relevant state regulations, report to the education administrative department for approval, apply to the local administrative department for industry and commerce for registration according to regulations, and obtain a business license. Relevant departments shall actively support and guide.

农村学校开展勤工俭学，应根据本地的自然条件和特点发展多种经营，积极开展种植业、养殖业、畜牧业、农副产品加工和采、拣、编织、修理等多种类型的勤工俭学活动。

Rural schools carrying out work-study programs shall develop diversified operations based on local natural conditions and characteristics, actively engaging in planting, aquaculture, animal husbandry, processing of agricultural and sideline products, as well as various types of work-study activities such as picking, gathering, weaving, and repairing.

地方政府要根据当地的实际情况，就近划给一定数量的土地(包括山林、水塘、牧场等，下同)，作为学校勤工俭学的生产劳动基地。并允许学校师生按国家规定开荒、拣种撂荒地。凡已经拨给学校的土地，或由学校师生开垦或垦复的土地，拣种的撂荒地，以及征购的土地均归学校使用，有关部门应发给土地、林权执照，保证学校的使用权。任何人、任何部门不得随意占用或串换，已经占用的应尽量退还给学校；需要串换的，要经双方同意，并报县级人民政府批准。

Local governments shall, based on actual local conditions, allocate a certain amount of land (including mountains, forests, ponds, pastures, etc., hereinafter the same) nearby as production labor bases for school work-study programs. Schools are also permitted to reclaim land and pick abandoned land in accordance with state regulations. Land already allocated to schools, or land reclaimed or re-cultivated by school teachers and students, abandoned land picked, and land purchased, shall all be used by the school. Relevant departments shall issue land and forest rights certificates to guarantee the school's right of use. No individual or department may arbitrarily occupy or exchange such land; land already occupied shall be returned to the school as far as possible; if exchange is necessary, it shall be agreed upon by both parties and reported to the county-level people's government for approval.

校办农场(含林、牧、副、渔)要结合教学开展科学实验和科学种田，采用先进技术，搞好实验园地，培育优良品种，改进耕作方法，培养学生掌握初步的农业(包括林、牧、副、渔)知识和技能。

School-run farms (including forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production, and fisheries) shall combine teaching with scientific experiments and scientific farming, adopt advanced technology, manage experimental plots, cultivate improved varieties, improve farming methods, and train students to master basic agricultural (including forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production, and fisheries) knowledge and skills.

校办农场要为发展当地农业生产、普及农业科学技术知识、提高农民的农业生产技术服务。

School-run farms shall serve the development of local agricultural production, popularize agricultural science and technology knowledge, and improve the agricultural production technical services for farmers.

校办农场要有计划地安排生产。需要的物资、设备等生产资料，要详加核算，各地计划、农林、物资、供销等有关部门，要积极支持，协助解决。

School-run farms shall arrange production in a planned manner. Required materials, equipment, and other production inputs shall be carefully calculated. Relevant departments such as planning, agriculture, forestry, materials, and supply and marketing at various levels shall actively support and assist in resolving issues.

农村商业部门收购学校的农、林、牧、副、渔产品时，应评等计价。

When rural commercial departments purchase agricultural, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline, and fishery products from schools, they shall grade and price them fairly.

适于出口的农副土特产品，除外贸、商业部门要积极收购外，教育部门还可组织生产加工，并与外贸部门签订合同，直接交付出口。

For agricultural and sideline products suitable for export, in addition to active procurement by foreign trade and commercial departments, education departments may also organize production and processing, sign contracts with foreign trade departments, and deliver directly for export.

校办工厂、农场，要按照精简的原则，配备一定数量的政治思想好、有一定文化、技术水平、懂教学的管理干部、技术人员和必需的固定工人，以加强生产的组织领导，保证生产的有效进行和指导学生的生产劳动。各级劳动人事部门和教育行政部门，在核定学校编制时，要给校办工厂、农场适当的编制。新增人员要首先从现有教职工中调配。

School-run factories and farms shall, in accordance with the principle of simplification, be staffed with a certain number of management cadres, technical personnel, and necessary permanent workers who are politically sound, have a certain level of education and technical skills, and understand teaching, in order to strengthen the organization and leadership of production, ensure effective production, and guide students' productive labor. Labor and personnel departments and education administrative departments at all levels shall, when verifying school staffing, allocate appropriate staffing for school-run factories and farms. New personnel shall first be transferred from existing teaching and administrative staff.

校办工厂、农场根据需要可按有关规定聘请少量政治思想好、生产技术水平高、能坚持正常工作的退休职工，以指导学生的生产劳动和产品质量的把关。

School-run factories and farms may, as needed and in accordance with relevant regulations, hire a small number of retired workers who are politically sound, have high production technical skills, and can work normally, to guide students' productive labor and ensure product quality.

校办工厂、农场的劳动工资和职工调配由教育行政部门按国家规定管理。

The labor wages and personnel allocation of school-run factories and farms shall be managed by the education administrative department in accordance with state regulations.

校办工厂、农场中的职工，原属全民所有制的，按当地全民所有制劳动工资管理体制管理；原属集体所有制的，按集体所有制劳动工资管理体制管理；今后需新增加的人员，以集体所有制职工为主；农村校办厂(场)的职工参照社队企业劳动工资管理体制管理。

For workers in school-run factories and farms, those originally under the ownership by the whole people shall be managed according to the local labor wage management system for ownership by the whole people; those originally under collective ownership shall be managed according to the collective ownership labor wage management system; new personnel to be added in the future shall mainly be collective ownership workers; workers in rural school-run factories (farms) shall refer to the labor wage management system for commune and brigade enterprises.

校办工厂、农场的职工，其工资、劳保福利待遇及粮食标准等，根据厂(场)生产经营情况并参照当地同行业、同工种的标准执行。所需劳保用品和粮食补助，按当地规定，由有关部门供应。

The wages, labor insurance and welfare benefits, and grain standards of workers in school-run factories and farms shall be implemented based on the production and operation conditions of the factory (farm) and with reference to the standards of the same industry and same type of work in the local area. Required labor protection supplies and grain subsidies shall be supplied by relevant departments according to local regulations.

学校派到校办工厂、农场的教职工，仍属学校事业编制。长期从事校办厂(场)工作，具有一定技术专长的教职工，可按技术人员评定职称标准，按规定经过考核，授予技术职称。

Teaching and administrative staff assigned by schools to school-run factories and farms shall still belong to the school's institutional staffing. Those who have long been engaged in school-run factory (farm) work and possess certain technical expertise may, in accordance with the technical personnel evaluation standards and after evaluation as required, be awarded technical titles.

学校要加强厂(场)的职工队伍建设，加强政治思想工作。各地教育部门应根据所属地区校办厂(场)的情况，按照中共中央、国务院一九八一年的《关于加强职工教育工作的决定》，利用本地区的学校条件，举办各种形式的学习班，分期分批地有计划地培训工人、技术人员、财会人员和管理人员，各级计划、经济、财政部门要尽力帮助与支持。要建立考核制度，奖惩制度，充分调动职工的积极性，建设一支又红又专的职工队伍。

Schools shall strengthen the construction of the factory (farm) workforce and enhance political and ideological work. Education departments at all levels shall, based on the situation of school-run factories (farms) in their respective regions and in accordance with the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council's 1981 "Decision on Strengthening Worker Education," utilize local school conditions to organize various forms of training classes, and train workers, technical personnel, accounting personnel, and management personnel in batches and stages according to plan. Planning, economic, and financial departments at all levels shall do their utmost to help and support. An assessment system and reward and punishment system shall be established to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of workers and build a workforce that is both red and expert.

各级教育行政部门可根据本地区的实际情况，建立健全勤工俭学的管理机构。根据需要还可设立专业公司。

Education administrative departments at all levels may, based on actual local conditions, establish and improve management institutions for work-study programs. Professional companies may also be established as needed.

农村中心校应有专人负责勤工俭学的管理工作。

Rural central schools shall have dedicated personnel responsible for the management of work-study programs.

各级教育行政部门的勤工俭学管理机构，是校办工厂、农场的主管部门，其主要职责是：

The work-study program management institutions of education administrative departments at all levels are the competent departments of school-run factories and farms, and their main responsibilities are:

(1)贯彻执行党的教育方针和国家的有关政策，拟定有关的规章、制度和实施细则，组织、指导勤工俭学工作的开展。

(1) Implement the Party's educational policy and relevant state policies, formulate relevant rules, regulations, and implementation rules, and organize and guide the development of work-study programs.

(2)制定和实施勤工俭学的长远规划和年度计划，组织和指导学校的勤工俭学管理工作，安排学生的生产劳动，进行财务监督检查，汇总统计报表和处理日常工作。

(2) Formulate and implement long-term plans and annual plans for work-study programs, organize and guide the management of school work-study programs, arrange students' productive labor, conduct financial supervision and inspection, compile statistical reports, and handle daily work.

(3)代表所属校办工厂、农场与当地有关部门进行业务联系，参加同级部门召开的有关会议，疏通或解决校办工厂、农场的供、产、销渠道及其他有关问题。

(3) Represent the affiliated school-run factories and farms in business contacts with relevant local departments, participate in relevant meetings convened by departments at the same level, and facilitate or resolve issues related to the supply, production, and sales channels of school-run factories and farms, as well as other related matters.

(4)按照有关部门的政策规定，组织开设校办工厂、农场产品的展销门市部，帮助学校推销产品。

(4) In accordance with relevant departmental policies and regulations, organize the establishment of exhibition and sales departments for products of school-run factories and farms, and assist schools in marketing their products.

(5)组织研制新产品，掌握经济技术情报，引进新技术，开展技术革新活动，组织学校之间、地区或部门之间的经济技术合作和产品交流。

(5) Organize the development of new products, master economic and technical information, introduce new technologies, carry out technical innovation activities, and organize economic and technical cooperation and product exchanges between schools, regions, or departments.

(6)管理所属校办工厂、农场的职工，组织职工的培训。

(6) Manage the staff of school-run factories and farms under their jurisdiction, and organize staff training.

(7)调查研究，总结、交流经验，推动勤工俭学的不断巩固和发展。

(7) Conduct research, summarize and exchange experiences, and promote the continuous consolidation and development of work-study programs.

学校要切实抓好勤工俭学工作，及时研究解决有关问题。

Schools shall earnestly carry out work-study work and promptly study and resolve related issues.

校办工厂、农场在校长领导下进行工作，根据其规模和实际情况，配备专职或兼职厂(场)长和必要的管理干部。全面负责校办厂(场)的日常生产和行政业务工作。

School-run factories and farms operate under the leadership of the principal. Depending on their scale and actual conditions, they shall be equipped with full-time or part-time factory (farm) directors and necessary management cadres, who are fully responsible for the daily production and administrative operations of the school-run factory (farm).

本条例适用于所有中学、小学、职业中学、农业中学、中等师范学校、职业学校。

These regulations apply to all middle schools, primary schools, vocational middle schools, agricultural middle schools, secondary normal schools, and vocational schools.

各省、市、自治区人民政府和有关部委可根据本条例结合当地或本系统的实际情况，制订具体实施办法。

People's governments of provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, as well as relevant ministries and commissions, may formulate specific implementation measures based on these regulations and in light of local or departmental actual conditions.

本条例自发布之日起施行。

These regulations shall come into effect on the date of promulgation.