KYB CHINA(2010年9月5日中华人民共和国国务院令第580号公布 根据2019年3月2日《国务院关于修改部分行政法规的决定》修订)
(Promulgated by Decree No. 580 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on September 5, 2010, and revised in accordance with the Decision of the State Council on Amending Certain Administrative Regulations on March 2, 2019)
总则
General Provisions
为了加强对古生物化石的保护，促进古生物化石的科学研究和合理利用，制定本条例。
These Regulations are formulated to strengthen the protection of paleontological fossils, promote scientific research and rational utilization of paleontological fossils.
在中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域从事古生物化石发掘、收藏等活动以及古生物化石进出境，应当遵守本条例。
Any activities such as excavation, collection, and entry and exit of paleontological fossils conducted within the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China shall comply with these Regulations.
本条例所称古生物化石，是指地质历史时期形成并赋存于地层中的动物和植物的实体化石及其遗迹化石。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'paleontological fossils' refer to the physical fossils and trace fossils of animals and plants formed during geological history and preserved in strata.
古猿、古人类化石以及与人类活动有关的第四纪古脊椎动物化石的保护依照国家文物保护的有关规定执行。
The protection of fossil apes, fossil humans, and Quaternary vertebrate fossils related to human activities shall be governed by the relevant provisions on the protection of cultural relics.
中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域遗存的古生物化石属于国家所有。
Paleontological fossils remaining within the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China are owned by the state.
国有的博物馆、科学研究单位、高等院校和其他收藏单位收藏的古生物化石，以及单位和个人捐赠给国家的古生物化石属于国家所有，不因其收藏单位的终止或者变更而改变其所有权。
Paleontological fossils collected by state-owned museums, scientific research institutions, institutions of higher learning, and other collection units, as well as those donated to the state by units and individuals, are owned by the state, and their ownership shall not change due to the termination or change of the collection unit.
国家对古生物化石实行分类管理、重点保护、科研优先、合理利用的原则。
The state implements the principles of classified management, prioritized protection, scientific research priority, and rational utilization for paleontological fossils.
国务院自然资源主管部门主管全国古生物化石保护工作。县级以上地方人民政府自然资源主管部门主管本行政区域古生物化石保护工作。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall be in charge of the protection of paleontological fossils nationwide. The competent departments of natural resources of local people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of the protection of paleontological fossils within their respective administrative regions.
县级以上人民政府公安、市场监督管理等部门按照各自的职责负责古生物化石保护的有关工作。
The public security, market supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the relevant work of paleontological fossil protection according to their respective duties.
国务院自然资源主管部门负责组织成立国家古生物化石专家委员会。国家古生物化石专家委员会由国务院有关部门和中国古生物学会推荐的专家组成，承担重点保护古生物化石名录的拟定、国家级古生物化石自然保护区建立的咨询、古生物化石发掘申请的评审、重点保护古生物化石进出境的鉴定等工作，具体办法由国务院自然资源主管部门制定。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall be responsible for organizing the establishment of the National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee. The National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee shall be composed of experts recommended by the relevant departments of the State Council and the Paleontological Society of China, and shall undertake the formulation of the list of key protected paleontological fossils, consultation on the establishment of national-level paleontological fossil nature reserves, review of applications for paleontological fossil excavation, and appraisal of key protected paleontological fossils entering or leaving China. The specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of natural resources of the State Council.
按照在生物进化以及生物分类上的重要程度，将古生物化石划分为重点保护古生物化石和一般保护古生物化石。
Paleontological fossils shall be divided into key protected paleontological fossils and general protected paleontological fossils according to their importance in biological evolution and biological classification.
具有重要科学研究价值或者数量稀少的下列古生物化石，应当列为重点保护古生物化石：
The following paleontological fossils with important scientific research value or scarce quantity shall be listed as key protected paleontological fossils:
(一)已经命名的古生物化石种属的模式标本；
(1) Type specimens of named paleontological fossil species;
(二)保存完整或者较完整的古脊椎动物实体化石；
(2) Complete or relatively completeentity fossils of ancient vertebrates;
(三)大型的或者集中分布的高等植物化石、无脊椎动物化石和古脊椎动物的足迹等遗迹化石；
(3) Large or concentrated higher plant fossils, invertebrate fossils, and trace fossils such as footprints of ancient vertebrates;
(四)国务院自然资源主管部门确定的其他需要重点保护的古生物化石。
(4) Other paleontological fossils determined by the competent department of natural resources of the State Council that need key protection.
重点保护古生物化石名录由国家古生物化石专家委员会拟定，由国务院自然资源主管部门批准并公布。
The list of key protected paleontological fossils shall be formulated by the National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee, approved and published by the competent department of natural resources of the State Council.
重点保护古生物化石集中的区域，应当建立国家级古生物化石自然保护区；一般保护古生物化石集中的区域，同时该区域已经发现重点保护古生物化石的，应当建立地方级古生物化石自然保护区。建立古生物化石自然保护区的程序，依照《中华人民共和国自然保护区条例》的规定执行。
Areas where key protected paleontological fossils are concentrated shall establish national-level paleontological fossil nature reserves; areas where general protected paleontological fossils are concentrated and where key protected paleontological fossils have been discovered shall establish local-level paleontological fossil nature reserves. The procedures for establishing paleontological fossil nature reserves shall be implemented in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Nature Reserves.
建立国家级古生物化石自然保护区，应当征求国家古生物化石专家委员会的意见。
The establishment of a national paleontological fossil nature reserve shall seek the opinion of the National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee.
县级以上人民政府应当加强对古生物化石保护工作的领导，将古生物化石保护工作所需经费列入本级财政预算。
People's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen leadership over the protection of paleontological fossils and include the necessary funds for paleontological fossil protection in their fiscal budgets at the corresponding level.
县级以上人民政府应当组织有关部门开展古生物化石保护知识的宣传教育，增强公众保护古生物化石的意识，并按照国家有关规定对在古生物化石保护工作中做出突出成绩的单位和个人给予奖励。
People's governments at or above the county level shall organize relevant departments to carry out publicity and education on paleontological fossil protection knowledge, enhance public awareness of paleontological fossil protection, and, in accordance with relevant state regulations, reward units and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in paleontological fossil protection.
古生物化石发掘
Excavation of Paleontological Fossils
因科学研究、教学、科学普及或者对古生物化石进行抢救性保护等需要，方可发掘古生物化石。发掘古生物化石的，应当符合本条例第十一条第二款规定的条件，并依照本条例的规定取得批准。
Excavation of paleontological fossils may only be carried out when necessary for scientific research, teaching, science popularization, or emergency protection of paleontological fossils. The excavation of paleontological fossils shall meet the conditions specified in paragraph 2 of Article 11 of these Regulations and shall obtain approval in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.
本条例所称发掘，是指有一定工作面，使用机械或者其他动力工具挖掘古生物化石的活动。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'excavation' refers to activities that involve a certain working face and use machinery or other power tools to dig out paleontological fossils.
在国家级古生物化石自然保护区内发掘古生物化石，或者在其他区域发掘重点保护古生物化石的，应当向国务院自然资源主管部门提出申请并取得批准；在国家级古生物化石自然保护区外发掘一般保护古生物化石的，应当向古生物化石所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门提出申请并取得批准。
Excavation of paleontological fossils within a national paleontological fossil nature reserve, or excavation of key protected paleontological fossils in other areas, shall be applied to and approved by the natural resourcescompetent authority of the State Council. Excavation of generally protected paleontological fossils outside a national paleontological fossil nature reserve shall be applied to and approved by the natural resourcescompetent authority of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government where the paleontological fossils are located.
申请发掘古生物化石的单位应当符合下列条件，并在提出申请时提交其符合下列条件的证明材料以及发掘项目概况、发掘方案、发掘标本保存方案和发掘区自然生态条件恢复方案：
A unit applying to excavate paleontological fossils shall meet the following conditions and shall submit, together with the application, supporting documents proving that it meets these conditions, as well as an overview of the excavation project, an excavation plan, a plan for the preservation of excavated specimens, and a plan for the restoration of the natural ecological conditions of the excavation area:
(一)有3名以上拥有古生物专业或者相关专业技术职称，并有3年以上古生物化石发掘经历的技术人员(其中至少有1名技术人员具有古生物专业高级职称并作为发掘活动的领队)；
(1) Having at least three technicians with professional or relevant technical titles in paleontology and more than three years of experience in paleontological fossil excavation (among whom at least one technician shall have a senior professional title in paleontology and serve as the leader of the excavation activity);
(二)有符合古生物化石发掘需要的设施、设备；
(2) Having facilities and equipment suitable for the needs of paleontological fossil excavation;
(三)有与古生物化石保护相适应的处理技术和工艺；
(3) Have processing techniques and technologies compatible with paleontological fossil preservation;
(四)有符合古生物化石保管需要的设施、设备和场所。
(4) Have facilities, equipment, and premises that meet the requirements for paleontological fossil storage.
国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起3个工作日内将申请材料送国家古生物化石专家委员会。国家古生物化石专家委员会应当自收到申请材料之日起10个工作日内出具书面评审意见。评审意见应当作为是否批准古生物化石发掘的重要依据。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall, within 3 working days from the date of accepting an application, submit the application materials to the National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee. The National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee shall, within 10 working days from the date of receiving the application materials, issue a written review opinion. The review opinion shall serve as an important basis for approving the excavation of paleontological fossils.
国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起30个工作日内完成审查，对申请单位符合本条例第十一条第二款规定条件，同时古生物化石发掘方案、发掘标本保存方案和发掘区自然生态条件恢复方案切实可行的，予以批准；对不符合条件的，书面通知申请单位并说明理由。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall complete the review within 30 working days from the date of accepting the application. If the applicant meets the conditions specified in Article 11, paragraph 2 of these Regulations, and the paleontological fossil excavation plan, the excavated specimen preservation plan, and the restoration plan for the natural ecological conditions of the excavation area are feasible, the application shall be approved; if the conditions are not met, the applicant shall be notified in writing with reasons stated.
国务院自然资源主管部门批准古生物化石发掘申请前，应当征求古生物化石所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门的意见；批准发掘申请后，应当将批准发掘古生物化石的情况通报古生物化石所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门。
Before approving an application for paleontological fossil excavation, the competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall seek the opinions of the competent department of natural resources of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government where the paleontological fossil is located; after approving the excavation application, it shall notify the competent department of natural resources of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government where the paleontological fossil is located of the approved excavation.
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门受理古生物化石发掘申请的，应当依照本条例第十二条第二款规定的期限和要求进行审查、批准，并听取古生物专家的意见。
If the competent department of natural resources of the people's government of a province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government accepts an application for paleontological fossil excavation, it shall review and approve the application in accordance with the time limit and requirements specified in Article 12, paragraph 2 of these Regulations, and shall seek the opinions of paleontological experts.
发掘古生物化石的单位，应当按照批准的发掘方案进行发掘；确需改变发掘方案的，应当报原批准发掘的自然资源主管部门批准。
The unit excavating paleontological fossils shall conduct the excavation in accordance with the approved excavation plan; if it is truly necessary to change the excavation plan, approval from the competent department of natural resources that originally approved the excavation shall be obtained.
发掘古生物化石的单位，应当自发掘或者科学研究、教学等活动结束之日起30日内，对发掘的古生物化石登记造册，作出相应的描述与标注，并移交给批准发掘的自然资源主管部门指定的符合条件的收藏单位收藏。
The unit excavating paleontological fossils shall, within 30 days from the date of completion of the excavation or scientific research, teaching, or other activities, register the excavated paleontological fossils, make corresponding descriptions and annotations, and transfer them to a qualified collection unit designated by the competent department of natural resources that approved the excavation for collection.
进行区域地质调查或者科学研究机构、高等院校等因科学研究、教学需要零星采集古生物化石标本的，不需要申请批准，但是，应当在采集活动开始前将采集时间、采集地点、采集数量等情况书面告知古生物化石所在地的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门。采集的古生物化石的收藏应当遵守本条例的规定。
If a regional geological survey or a scientific research institution, institution of higher learning, or the like needs to sporadically collect paleontological fossil specimens for scientific research or teaching purposes, no application for approval is required. However, before the collection activity begins, the collector shall inform the competent department of natural resources of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government where the paleontological fossil is located in writing of the collection time, collection location, and collection quantity. The collection of paleontological fossils shall comply with the provisions of these Regulations.
本条例所称零星采集，是指使用手持非机械工具在地表挖掘极少量古生物化石，同时不对地表和其他资源造成影响的活动。
For the purposes of these Regulations, 'sporadic collection' refers to the use of hand-held non-mechanical tools to excavate a very small number of paleontological fossils on the surface, without affecting the surface or other resources.
外国人、外国组织因中外合作进行科学研究需要，方可在中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域发掘古生物化石。发掘古生物化石的，应当经国务院自然资源主管部门批准，采取与符合本条例第十一条第二款规定条件的中方单位合作的方式进行，并遵守本条例有关古生物化石发掘、收藏、进出境的规定。
Foreigners and foreign organizations may excavate paleontological fossils within the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China only when necessary for scientific research in Sino-foreign cooperation. Excavation of paleontological fossils shall be approved by the competent department of natural resources of the State Council, and shall be carried out in cooperation with a Chinese unit that meets the conditions specified in Article 11, paragraph 2 of these Regulations, and shall comply with the provisions of these Regulations on the excavation, collection, and entry and exit of paleontological fossils.
单位和个人在生产、建设等活动中发现古生物化石的，应当保护好现场，并立即报告所在地县级以上地方人民政府自然资源主管部门。
Units and individuals that discover paleontological fossils during production, construction, or other activities shall protect the site and immediately report to the competent department of natural resources of the local people's government at or above the county level.
县级以上地方人民政府自然资源主管部门接到报告后，应当在24小时内赶赴现场，并在7日内提出处理意见。确有必要的，可以报请当地人民政府通知公安机关协助保护现场。发现重点保护古生物化石的，应当逐级上报至国务院自然资源主管部门，由国务院自然资源主管部门提出处理意见。
Upon receiving the report, the competent department of natural resources of the local people's government at or above the county level shall arrive at the site within 24 hours and provide a handling opinion within 7 days. If necessary, it may request the local people's government to notify the public security organ to assist in protecting the site. If a key protected paleontological fossil is discovered, it shall be reported level by level to the competent department of natural resources of the State Council, which shall provide a handling opinion.
生产、建设等活动中发现的古生物化石需要进行抢救性发掘的，由提出处理意见的自然资源主管部门组织符合本条例第十一条第二款规定条件的单位发掘。
If paleontological fossils discovered during production, construction, or other activities require emergency excavation, the competent department of natural resources that provided the handling opinion shall organize a unit that meets the conditions specified in Article 11, paragraph 2 of these Regulations to carry out the excavation.
县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门应当加强对古生物化石发掘活动的监督检查，发现未经依法批准擅自发掘古生物化石，或者不按照批准的发掘方案发掘古生物化石的，应当依法予以处理。
The competent departments of natural resources of the people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen supervision and inspection of paleontological fossil excavation activities. If they discover unauthorized excavation of paleontological fossils without approval or excavation not in accordance with the approved excavation plan, they shall handle it in accordance with the law.
古生物化石收藏
Collection of Paleontological Fossils
古生物化石的收藏单位，应当符合下列条件：
A unit that collects paleontological fossils shall meet the following conditions:
(一)有固定的馆址、专用展室、相应面积的藏品保管场所；
(1) Having a fixed site, dedicated exhibition rooms, and storage premises of corresponding area for the collection;
(二)有相应数量的拥有相关研究成果的古生物专业或者相关专业的技术人员；
(2) Having a corresponding number of technical personnel in paleontology or related specialties with relevant research achievements;
(三)有防止古生物化石自然损毁的技术、工艺和设备；
(3) Having technology, techniques, and equipment to prevent natural damage to paleontological fossils;
(四)有完备的防火、防盗等设施、设备和完善的安全保卫等管理制度；
(4) Have complete fire prevention, anti-theft and other facilities and equipment, and complete safety and security management systems;
(五)有维持正常运转所需的经费。
(5) Have the funds needed to maintain normal operation.
县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门应当加强对古生物化石收藏单位的管理和监督检查。
The competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall strengthen the management and supervision of paleontological fossil collection units.
国务院自然资源主管部门负责建立全国的重点保护古生物化石档案和数据库。县级以上地方人民政府自然资源主管部门负责建立本行政区域的重点保护古生物化石档案和数据库。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall be responsible for establishing the national archives and database of key protected paleontological fossils. The competent department of natural resources of the local people's government at or above the county level shall be responsible for establishing the archives and database of key protected paleontological fossils within its administrative region.
收藏单位应当建立本单位收藏的古生物化石档案，并如实对收藏的古生物化石作出描述与标注。
Collection units shall establish archives of the paleontological fossils they collect, and truthfully describe and annotate the collected paleontological fossils.
国家鼓励单位和个人将其收藏的重点保护古生物化石捐赠给符合条件的收藏单位收藏。
The state encourages units and individuals to donate the key protected paleontological fossils they collect to qualified collection units for collection.
除收藏单位之间转让、交换、赠与其收藏的重点保护古生物化石外，其他任何单位和个人不得买卖重点保护古生物化石。买卖一般保护古生物化石的，应当在县级以上地方人民政府指定的场所进行。具体办法由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府制定。
Except for the transfer, exchange, or donation of key protected paleontological fossils between collection units, no other unit or individual may buy or sell key protected paleontological fossils. The sale of generally protected paleontological fossils shall be conducted at a place designated by the local people's government at or above the county level. Specific measures shall be formulated by the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.
国有收藏单位不得将其收藏的重点保护古生物化石转让、交换、赠与给非国有收藏单位或者个人。
State-owned collection units shall not transfer, exchange, or donate the key protected paleontological fossils they collect to non-state-owned collection units or individuals.
任何单位和个人不得将其收藏的重点保护古生物化石转让、交换、赠与、质押给外国人或者外国组织。
No unit or individual may transfer, exchange, donate, or pledge the key protected paleontological fossils they collect to foreigners or foreign organizations.
收藏单位之间转让、交换、赠与其收藏的重点保护古生物化石的，应当在事后向国务院自然资源主管部门备案。具体办法由国务院自然资源主管部门制定。
Where collection units transfer, exchange, or donate the key protected paleontological fossils they collect, they shall report to the competent department of natural resources of the State Council for recordation afterwards. Specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of natural resources of the State Council.
公安、市场监督管理、海关等部门应当对依法没收的古生物化石登记造册、妥善保管，并在结案后30个工作日内移交给同级自然资源主管部门。接受移交的自然资源主管部门应当出具接收凭证，并将接收的古生物化石交符合条件的收藏单位收藏。
Public security, market supervision and administration, customs and other departments shall register and properly keep the confiscated paleontological fossils, and transfer them to the natural resources department at the same level within 30 working days after the case is closed. The natural resources department that accepts the transfer shall issue a receipt and deliver the received paleontological fossils to a qualified collection unit for collection.
国有收藏单位不再收藏的一般保护古生物化石，应当按照国务院自然资源主管部门的规定处理。
If a state-owned collection unit no longer collects generally protected paleontological fossils, it shall handle them in accordance with the provisions of the natural resources department of the State Council.
古生物化石进出境
Entry and Exit of Paleontological Fossils
未命名的古生物化石不得出境。
Unnamed paleontological fossils shall not be exported.
重点保护古生物化石符合下列条件之一，经国务院自然资源主管部门批准，方可出境：
Key protected paleontological fossils may be exported only with the approval of the natural resources department of the State Council if they meet one of the following conditions:
(一)因科学研究需要与国外有关研究机构进行合作的；
(1) Cooperation with foreign research institutions for scientific research needs;
(二)因科学、文化交流需要在境外进行展览的。
(2) Exhibition abroad for scientific or cultural exchange needs.
一般保护古生物化石经所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门批准，方可出境。
Generally protected paleontological fossils may be exported only with the approval of the natural resources department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government where they are located.
申请古生物化石出境的，应当向国务院自然资源主管部门或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门提出出境申请，并提交出境古生物化石的清单和照片。出境申请应当包括申请人的基本情况和古生物化石的出境地点、出境目的、出境时间等内容。
To apply for the export of paleontological fossils, an export application shall be submitted to the natural resources department of the State Council or the natural resources department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government, along with a list and photos of the fossils to be exported. The export application shall include the basic information of the applicant, the place of export, the purpose of export, the time of export, and other relevant content.
申请重点保护古生物化石出境的，申请人还应当提供外方合作单位的基本情况和合作科学研究合同或者展览合同，以及古生物化石的应急保护预案、保护措施、保险证明等材料。
When applying for the export of key protected paleontological fossils, the applicant shall also provide the basic information of the foreign partner, the cooperation scientific research contract or exhibition contract, as well as the emergency protection plan, protection measures, insurance certificate and other materials for the paleontological fossils.
申请重点保护古生物化石出境的，国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起3个工作日内将申请材料送国家古生物化石专家委员会。国家古生物化石专家委员会应当自收到申请材料之日起10个工作日内对申请出境的重点保护古生物化石进行鉴定，确认古生物化石的种属、数量和完好程度，并出具书面鉴定意见。鉴定意见应当作为是否批准重点保护古生物化石出境的重要依据。
For an application to export key protected paleontological fossils, the competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall, within 3 working days from accepting the application, submit the application materials to the National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee. The National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee shall, within 10 working days from receiving the application materials, conduct an appraisal of the key protected paleontological fossils to be exported, confirming the species, quantity, and degree of preservation, and issue a written appraisal opinion. The appraisal opinion shall serve as an important basis for deciding whether to approve the export of key protected paleontological fossils.
国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起20个工作日内完成审查，符合规定条件的，作出批准出境的决定；不符合规定条件的，书面通知申请人并说明理由。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall complete the review within 20 working days from accepting the application. If the conditions are met, it shall make a decision to approve the export; if not, it shall notify the applicant in writing and explain the reasons.
申请一般保护古生物化石出境的，省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起20个工作日内完成审查，同意出境的，作出批准出境的决定；不同意出境的，书面通知申请人并说明理由。
For an application to export general protected paleontological fossils, the competent department of natural resources of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall complete the review within 20 working days from accepting the application. If the export is approved, it shall make a decision to approve the export; if not, it shall notify the applicant in writing and explain the reasons.
古生物化石出境批准文件的有效期为90日；超过有效期出境的，应当重新提出出境申请。
The validity period of the approval document for the export of paleontological fossils is 90 days; if the export occurs after the validity period, a new export application shall be submitted.
重点古生物化石在境外停留的期限一般不超过6个月；因特殊情况确需延长境外停留时间的，应当在境外停留期限届满60日前向国务院自然资源主管部门申请延期。延长期限最长不超过6个月。
The period of overseas stay for key paleontological fossils generally shall not exceed 6 months; if an extension of the overseas stay is truly necessary due to special circumstances, an application for extension shall be submitted to the competent department of natural resources of the State Council 60 days before the expiry of the overseas stay period. The maximum extension period shall not exceed 6 months.
经批准出境的重点保护古生物化石出境后进境的，申请人应当自办结进境海关手续之日起5日内向国务院自然资源主管部门申请进境核查。
For key protected paleontological fossils that have been approved for export and are subsequently re-entered, the applicant shall, within 5 days from completing the import customs procedures, apply to the competent department of natural resources of the State Council for re-entry inspection.
国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起3个工作日内将申请材料送国家古生物化石专家委员会。国家古生物化石专家委员会应当自收到申请材料之日起5个工作日内对出境后进境的重点保护古生物化石进行鉴定，并出具书面鉴定意见。鉴定意见应当作为重点保护古生物化石进境核查结论的重要依据。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall, within 3 working days from accepting the application, submit the application materials to the National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee. The National Paleontological Fossil Expert Committee shall, within 5 working days from receiving the application materials, conduct an appraisal of the key protected paleontological fossils that have been exported and then re-entered, and issue a written appraisal opinion. The appraisal opinion shall serve as an important basis for the conclusion of the re-entry inspection of key protected paleontological fossils.
国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起15个工作日内完成核查，作出核查结论；对确认为非原出境重点保护古生物化石的，责令申请人追回原出境重点保护古生物化石。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall complete the inspection within 15 working days from accepting the application and issue an inspection conclusion; if it is confirmed that the fossils are not the original exported key protected paleontological fossils, the applicant shall be ordered to recover the original exported key protected paleontological fossils.
境外古生物化石临时进境的，应当交由海关加封，由境内有关单位或者个人自办结进境海关手续之日起5日内向国务院自然资源主管部门申请核查、登记。国务院自然资源主管部门核查海关封志完好无损的，逐件进行拍照、登记。
For temporary import of foreign paleontological fossils, they shall be sealed by customs, and the relevant domestic entity or individual shall, within 5 days from completing the import customs procedures, apply to the competent department of natural resources of the State Council for inspection and registration. The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall, after verifying that the customs seal is intact, photograph and register each item.
临时进境的古生物化石进境后出境的，由境内有关单位或者个人向国务院自然资源主管部门申请核查。国务院自然资源主管部门应当依照本条例第三十一条第二款规定的程序，自受理申请之日起15个工作日内完成核查，对确认为原临时进境的古生物化石的，批准出境。
For temporarily imported paleontological fossils that are to be exported after import, the relevant domestic entity or individual shall apply to the competent department of natural resources of the State Council for inspection. The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall, in accordance with the procedures specified in the second paragraph of Article 31 of these Regulations, complete the inspection within 15 working days from accepting the application, and if it is confirmed that the fossils are the original temporarily imported paleontological fossils, approve the export.
境内单位或者个人从境外取得的古生物化石进境的，应当向海关申报，按照海关管理的有关规定办理进境手续。
Domestic entities or individuals importing paleontological fossils obtained from abroad shall declare them to customs and go through the import procedures in accordance with customs management regulations.
运送、邮寄、携带古生物化石出境的，应当如实向海关申报，并向海关提交国务院自然资源主管部门或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门的出境批准文件。
When transporting, mailing, or carrying paleontological fossils out of the country, a truthful declaration shall be made to customs, and the export approval document from the competent department of natural resources of the State Council or the competent department of natural resources of the provincial, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall be submitted to customs.
对有理由怀疑属于古生物化石的物品出境的，海关可以要求有关单位或者个人向国务院自然资源主管部门或者出境口岸所在地的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门申请办理是否属于古生物化石的证明文件。
For items suspected to be paleontological fossils being exported, customs may require the relevant entity or individual to apply to the competent department of natural resources of the State Council or the competent department of natural resources of the provincial, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government at the port of departure for a certificate confirming whether the items are paleontological fossils.
国家对违法出境的古生物化石有权进行追索。
The state has the right to recover paleontological fossils that have been illegally exported.
国务院自然资源主管部门代表国家具体负责追索工作。国务院外交、公安、海关等部门应当配合国务院自然资源主管部门做好违法出境古生物化石的追索工作。
The competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall be responsible for the recovery work on behalf of the state. The departments of foreign affairs, public security, and customs of the State Council shall cooperate with the competent department of natural resources of the State Council in the recovery of illegally exported paleontological fossils.
法律责任
Legal Liability
县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门及其工作人员有下列行为之一的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分；直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
Where the competent department of natural resources of a people's government at or above the county level or its staff members commit any of the following acts, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given disciplinary sanctions according to law; if the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel constitute a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law:
(一)未依照本条例规定批准古生物化石发掘的；
(1) Failing to approve the excavation of paleontological fossils in accordance with these Regulations;
(二)未依照本条例规定批准古生物化石出境的；
(2) Failing to approve the export of paleontological fossils in accordance with these Regulations;
(三)发现违反本条例规定的行为不予查处，或者接到举报不依法处理的；
(3) Failing to investigate violations of these Regulations upon discovery, or failing to handle reports according to law.
(四)其他不依法履行监督管理职责的行为。
(4) Other acts of failing to perform supervision and management duties in accordance with the law.
单位或者个人有下列行为之一的，由县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门责令停止发掘，限期改正，没收发掘的古生物化石，并处20万元以上50万元以下的罚款；构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任：
Where any unit or individual commits any of the following acts, the competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall order cessation of excavation, rectify within a time limit, confiscate the excavated paleontological fossils, and impose a fine of not less than 200,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan; if the act constitutes a violation of public security administration, the public security organ shall impose public security administration penalties in accordance with the law; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law:
(一)未经批准发掘古生物化石的；
(1) Excavating paleontological fossils without approval;
(二)未按照批准的发掘方案发掘古生物化石的。
(2) Excavating paleontological fossils not in accordance with the approved excavation plan.
有前款第(二)项行为，情节严重的，由批准古生物化石发掘的自然资源主管部门撤销批准发掘的决定。
Where the act under item (2) of the preceding paragraph is serious, the competent department of natural resources that approved the paleontological fossil excavation shall revoke the approval decision.
古生物化石发掘单位未按照规定移交发掘的古生物化石的，由批准古生物化石发掘的自然资源主管部门责令限期改正；逾期不改正，或者造成古生物化石损毁的，处10万元以上50万元以下的罚款；直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Where a paleontological fossil excavation unit fails to hand over the excavated paleontological fossils in accordance with the regulations, the competent department of natural resources that approved the paleontological fossil excavation shall order rectification within a time limit; if rectification is not made within the time limit, or if damage is caused to the paleontological fossils, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel constitute a crime, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.
古生物化石收藏单位不符合收藏条件收藏古生物化石的，由县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门责令限期改正；逾期不改正的，处5万元以上10万元以下的罚款；已严重影响其收藏的重点保护古生物化石安全的，由国务院自然资源主管部门指定符合条件的收藏单位代为收藏，代为收藏的费用由原收藏单位承担。
Where a paleontological fossil collection unit collects paleontological fossils without meeting the collection conditions, the competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall order rectification within a time limit; if rectification is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the safety of key protected paleontological fossils in its collection has been seriously affected, the competent department of natural resources of the State Council shall designate a qualified collection unit to collect them on its behalf, and the cost of such collection shall be borne by the original collection unit.
古生物化石收藏单位未按照规定建立本单位收藏的古生物化石档案的，由县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门责令限期改正；逾期不改正的，没收有关古生物化石，并处2万元的罚款。
Where a paleontological fossil collection unit fails to establish an archive of the paleontological fossils in its collection in accordance with the regulations, the competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall order rectification within a time limit; if rectification is not made within the time limit, the relevant paleontological fossils shall be confiscated, and a fine of 20,000 yuan shall be imposed.
单位或者个人违反规定买卖重点保护古生物化石的，由市场监督管理部门责令限期改正，没收违法所得，并处5万元以上20万元以下的罚款；构成违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法给予治安管理处罚；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Where any unit or individual, in violation of the regulations, trades key protected paleontological fossils, the market supervision and administration department shall order rectification within a time limit, confiscate the illegal gains, and impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan; if the act constitutes a violation of public security administration, the public security organ shall impose public security administration penalties in accordance with the law; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.
国有收藏单位将其收藏的重点保护古生物化石违法转让、交换、赠与给非国有收藏单位或者个人的，由县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门对国有收藏单位处20万元以上50万元以下的罚款，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Where a state-owned collection unit illegally transfers, exchanges, or donates key protected paleontological fossils in its collection to a non-state-owned collection unit or individual, the competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall impose a fine of not less than 200,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan on the state-owned collection unit, and shall impose administrative sanctions on the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law.
单位或者个人将其收藏的重点保护古生物化石转让、交换、赠与、质押给外国人或者外国组织的，由县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门责令限期追回，对个人处2万元以上10万元以下的罚款，对单位处10万元以上50万元以下的罚款；有违法所得的，没收违法所得；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Where a unit or individual transfers, exchanges, gives, or pledges key protected paleontological fossils in their collection to a foreigner or foreign organization, the competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall order the recovery within a time limit; impose a fine of not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan on an individual, and a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan on a unit; confiscate any illegal gains; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law.
单位或者个人未取得批准运送、邮寄、携带古生物化石出境的，由海关依照有关法律、行政法规的规定予以处理；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Where a unit or individual transports, mails, or carries paleontological fossils out of the country without approval, the customs shall handle the matter in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law.
县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门、其他有关部门的工作人员，或者国有的博物馆、科学研究单位、高等院校、其他收藏单位以及发掘单位的工作人员，利用职务上的便利，将国有古生物化石非法占为己有的，依法给予处分，由县级以上人民政府自然资源主管部门追回非法占有的古生物化石；有违法所得的，没收违法所得；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
Where staff members of the competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level or other relevant departments, or staff members of state-owned museums, scientific research units, institutions of higher learning, other collection units, or excavation units, take advantage of their positions to illegally possess state-owned paleontological fossils, they shall be given sanctions according to law; the competent department of natural resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall recover the illegally possessed paleontological fossils; any illegal gains shall be confiscated; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued according to law.
附则
Supplementary Provisions
本条例自2011年1月1日起施行。
These Regulations shall come into force as of January 1, 2011.