KYB CHINA(1986年3月12日国务院发布)
(Promulgated by the State Council on March 12, 1986)
为了加强和改进对高等教育的宏观指导和管理，扩大高等学校的管理权限，进一步调动学校和广大师生员工、办学单位和用人部门等各方面的积极性，使高等教育更好地为社会主义现代化建设服务，现就国家教育委员会、国务院有关部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府对高等教育的管理职责及扩大高等学校的管理权限，作如下规定：
In order to strengthen and improve macro guidance and management of higher education, expand the management authority of higher education institutions, further mobilize the enthusiasm of schools, teachers, students, staff, sponsoring units, and employing departments, and enable higher education to better serve socialist modernization, the following provisions are made regarding the management responsibilities of the State Education Commission, relevant departments under the State Council, and people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government over higher education, as well as the expansion of management authority of higher education institutions:
一、 国家教育委员会在国务院的领导下，主管全国高等教育工作，其主要职责是：
I. The State Education Commission, under the leadership of the State Council, is responsible for the national higher education work, with its main responsibilities as follows:
(一)贯彻执行党和国家有关高等教育的方针政策、法律和行政法规，制订高等教育工作的具体政策和规章。
(1) Implement the Party and state's principles, policies, laws, and administrative regulations concerning higher education, and formulate specific policies and regulations for higher education work.
指导、检查各省、自治区、直辖市，国务院各有关部门和高等学校对党和国家有关高等教育的方针政策、法律和行政法规的贯彻执行。
Guide and inspect the implementation of the Party and state's principles, policies, laws, and administrative regulations concerning higher education by provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, relevant departments under the State Council, and higher education institutions.
(二)组织进行全国专门人才需求预测，编制全国高等教育事业发展规划和年度招生计划，调整高等教育的结构和布局。审批高等学校(含高等专科学校，下同)、研究生院的设置、撤销和调整。制订招生和毕业生分配工作的规定，编制国家统一调配的毕业生年度分配方案。
(2) Organize the demand forecast for specialized talents nationwide, formulate the national higher education development plan and annual enrollment plan, adjust the structure and layout of higher education. Approve the establishment, abolition, and adjustment of higher education institutions (including higher specialized schools, the same below) and graduate schools. Formulate regulations for enrollment and graduate assignment, and compile the annual assignment plan for graduates to be uniformly allocated by the state.
(三)制订高等学校、研究生院的设置标准。制订高等学校的基本专业目录与专业设置标准，组织审批专业设置。
(3) Formulate the establishment standards for higher education institutions and graduate schools. Formulate the basic catalog of specialties and specialty establishment standards, and organize the approval of specialty establishments.
(四)会同国务院有关部门制订高等教育的基建投资、事业经费、人员编制、劳动和统配物资设备的管理制度和定额标准的原则；对中央一级高等教育的基建投资、教育和科学研究经费、专项费用、外汇和统配物资设备的分配方案提出指导性建议；掌管用于调节高等教育协调发展和支持重点学科建设的基建投资、事业经费和人员编制。管理国外高等教育援款、贷款工作。
(4) Together with relevant departments under the State Council, formulate the principles for the management system and quota standards of capital construction investment, operating funds, staffing, labor, and unified allocation of materials and equipment for higher education; provide guiding suggestions on the allocation plans for capital construction investment, education and scientific research funds, special expenses, foreign exchange, and unified allocation of materials and equipment for central-level higher education; manage the capital construction investment, operating funds, and staffing used to regulate the coordinated development of higher education and support the construction of key disciplines. Manage foreign aid and loans for higher education.
(五)制订高等学校人事管理的规章制度，规划、组织高等学校师资队伍和干部队伍建设。根据国务院《关于实行专业技术职务聘任制度的规定》，对高等学校这方面的工作进行组织和指导。
(5) Formulate rules and regulations for personnel management in higher education institutions, plan and organize the construction of faculty and cadre teams in higher education institutions. Organize and guide this work in higher education institutions in accordance with the State Council's "Provisions on the Implementation of the Professional and Technical Position Appointment System."
(六)指导高等学校的思想政治工作、教学工作、体育工作、卫生工作和总务工作。确定研究生、本科生、专科生的修业年限和培养规格。制订指导性的教学文件，规划、组织教材编审。组织检查、评估高等学校的教育质量。
(6) Guide the ideological and political work, teaching work, physical education work, health work, and general affairs work of higher education institutions. Determine the duration of study and training specifications for doctoral, master's, and undergraduate students. Formulate guiding teaching documents, plan and organize the compilation and review of textbooks. Organize inspection and evaluation of the educational quality of higher education institutions.
(七)指导和管理高等学校和科学研究机构招收、培养研究生工作。指导学位授予工作。指导和管理高等学校博士后科研流动站工作。
(7) Guide and manage the enrollment and training of graduate students in higher education institutions and scientific research institutions. Guide the work of degree conferral. Guide and manage the work of postdoctoral research stations in higher education institutions.
(八)指导高等学校的科学研究工作。配合国家科学技术研究的主管部门，组织制订高等学校科学研究的规划和管理制度。促进学校与科学研究、生产、社会等部门的协作、联合及校际合作。
(8) Guide the scientific research work of higher education institutions. In coordination with the competent department of national scientific and technological research, organize the formulation of scientific research plans and management systems for higher education institutions. Promote collaboration and joint efforts between schools and scientific research, production, and social sectors, as well as inter-school cooperation.
(九)指导和管理到国外高等学校留学人员、来华留学人员以及对外智力援助的工作，促进高等学校的国际学术交流与合作。
(9) Guide and manage the work of Chinese students studying abroad, foreign students studying in China, and foreign intellectual assistance, and promote international academic exchanges and cooperation of higher education institutions.
(十)组织为高等学校提供教育情报、人才需求信息和考试等方面的服务工作。
(10) Organize the provision of services such as educational information, talent demand information, and examinations for higher education institutions.
(十一)统一指导各种形式的成人高等教育，编制成人高等教育发展规划，制订和下达年度招生计划。会同国务院有关部门编制继续教育规划。
(11) Uniformly guide various forms of adult higher education, formulate adult higher education development plans, and formulate and issue annual enrollment plans. Together with relevant departments under the State Council, formulate continuing education plans.
(十二)直接管理少数高等学校。
(12) Directly manage a small number of higher education institutions.
二、 国务院有关部门在国家教育委员会的指导下，管理其直属高等学校，其主要职责是：
II. Relevant departments under the State Council, under the guidance of the State Education Commission, manage their directly affiliated higher education institutions, with their main responsibilities as follows:
(一)贯彻执行党和国家有关高等教育的方针政策、法律和行政法规。
(1) Implement the Party and state's principles, policies, laws, and administrative regulations concerning higher education.
(二)组织进行本系统、本行业专门人才的需求预测，编制直接管理的高等学校的发展规划、年度招生计划和自行分配部分的毕业生分配计划。指导招生和毕业生分配工作。
(2) Organize the demand forecast for specialized talents within their own systems and industries, formulate development plans, annual enrollment plans, and graduate assignment plans for the part to be self-assigned for directly managed higher education institutions. Guide enrollment and graduate assignment work.
(三)对直接管理的高等学校的设置、撤销和调整及所属专业的设置和重点学科建设进行审查，向国家教育委员会提出申请或建议。接受国家教育委员会的委托，按照有关规定，审批直接管理的高等专科学校所属专业的增设和撤销。
(3) Review the establishment, abolition, and adjustment of directly managed higher education institutions, as well as the establishment of their specialties and the construction of key disciplines, and submit applications or suggestions to the State Education Commission. Upon entrustment by the State Education Commission, approve the addition and abolition of specialties in directly managed higher specialized schools in accordance with relevant regulations.
(四)负责直接管理的高等学校的基建投资、统配物资设备、事业经费预算的分配和决算的审核。
(4) Be responsible for the allocation of capital construction investment, unified allocation of materials and equipment, and the budget of operating funds for directly managed higher education institutions, as well as the review of final accounts.
(五)指导直接管理的高等学校的思想政治工作、教学工作、科学研究工作和总务工作。任免学校主要负责人。根据国务院《关于实行专业技术职务聘任制度的规定》，对直接管理的高等学校这方面的工作进行组织和指导。
(5) Guide the ideological and political work, teaching work, scientific research work, and general affairs work of directly managed higher education institutions. Appoint and remove the main responsible persons of the schools. Organize and guide this work in directly managed higher education institutions in accordance with the State Council's "Provisions on the Implementation of the Professional and Technical Position Appointment System."
(六)按照国家教育委员会统一部署，会同有关省、自治区、直辖市对高等学校对口专业的教育质量组织评估，组织和规划对口专业的教材编审。
(6) In accordance with the unified deployment of the State Education Commission, together with relevant provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, organize the evaluation of the educational quality of corresponding specialties in higher education institutions, and organize and plan the compilation and review of textbooks for corresponding specialties.
(七)指导和协调高等学校学生在本系统的生产实习和社会实践。鼓励高等学校有关专业、研究机构参加本系统的科学技术开发，促进企业与学校的联系。
(7) Guide and coordinate the production internships and social practices of students from higher education institutions within their own systems. Encourage relevant specialties and research institutions of higher education institutions to participate in the scientific and technological development of their own systems, and promote the connection between enterprises and schools.
(八)鼓励直接管理的高等学校面向社会办学，实行本部门与国务院有关部门、本部门与地方联合办学。
(8) Encourage directly managed higher education institutions to run schools facing society, and implement joint running of schools between their own departments and relevant departments under the State Council, and between their own departments and local governments.
(九)管理本部门成人高等教育、专业培训、继续教育和有关教材编审的工作。
(9) Manage the department's adult higher education, professional training, continuing education, and related textbook compilation and review work.
三、 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府管理本地区内的高等学校，其主要职责是：
III. The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall manage the higher education institutions within their respective regions, with the following main responsibilities:
(一)负责指导、检查本地区内各高等学校对党和国家有关高等教育的方针政策、法律和法规的贯彻执行。
(1) Be responsible for guiding and inspecting the implementation of the Party's and the state's policies, laws, and regulations concerning higher education by all higher education institutions within the region.
(二)组织进行本地区专门人才的需求预测，编制直接管理的高等学校的发展规划、年度招生计划，组织领导招生和毕业生分配工作。对直接管理的高等学校的设置、撤销和调整及专业设置进行审查，向国家教育委员会提出申请或建议。接受国家教育委员会的委托，按照国家有关规定，审批直接管理的高等专科学校所属专业的增设和撤销。
(2) Organize the demand forecast for specialized talents in the region, formulate development plans and annual enrollment plans for the higher education institutions directly under their management, lead and organize enrollment and graduate assignment work. Review the establishment,revoke, and adjustment of directly managed higher education institutions and their specialty settings, and submit applications or suggestions to the State Education Commission. Accept the entrustment of the State Education Commission, and in accordance with relevant state regulations, approve the addition andrevoke of specialties under directly managed higher vocational colleges.
(三)负责直接管理的高等学校的基建投资、统配物资设备、事业经费预算的分配和决算的审核。
(3) Be responsible for the allocation of capital construction investment, unified distribution of materials and equipment, and the distribution and final account review of operating expense budgets for directly managed higher education institutions.
(四)指导直接管理的高等学校的思想政治工作、教学工作、科学研究工作和总务工作。任免学校主要负责人。根据国务院《关于实行专业技术职务聘任制度的规定》，对这些高等学校和部分国务院有关部门直接管理的高等学校这方面的工作，进行组织和指导。帮助本地区内各高等学校的总务工作逐步实现社会化。
(4) Guide the ideological and political work, teaching work, scientific research work, and general affairs work of directly managed higher education institutions. Appoint and remove the main responsible persons of the institutions. In accordance with the State Council's 'Provisions on the Implementation of the Professional and Technical Position Appointment System', organize and guide the work in these aspects for these institutions and some higher education institutions directly managed by relevant State Council departments. Assist in gradually socializing the general affairs work of all higher education institutions within the region.
(五)组织本地区内各高等学校的校际协作和经验交流，进行教育质量的检查与评估。指导和协调高等学校学生在本地区内的生产实习和社会实践。
(5) Organize inter-school collaboration and experience exchange among all higher education institutions within the region, and conduct inspection and evaluation of education quality. Guide and coordinate the production internships and social practices of students from higher education institutions within the region.
(六)鼓励本地区各高等学校面向社会办学和跨地区、跨部门联合办学。在国家教育委员会指导下，对国务院有关部门直接管理的高等学校，在保证投资、经费和人才需求等条件下，统筹组织联合办学的试点。促进高等学校与科学研究、生产等部门的联合与协作。
(6) Encourage all higher education institutions within the region to run schoolsfacing society and to conductcross-region andcross-department joint education. Under the guidance of the State Education Commission, for higher education institutions directly managed by relevant State Council departments, under the conditions of ensuring investment, funding, and talent demand,coordinate organize pilot joint education programs. Promote the integration and collaboration between higher education institutions and scientific research and production departments.
(七)管理本地区所属成人高等教育。
(7) Manage the adult higher education within the region.
四、 扩大高等学校管理权限，增强高等学校适应经济和社会发展需要的能力，其主要内容是：
IV. Expand the management authority of higher education institutions and enhance their ability to adapt to economic and social development needs. The main contents are:
(一)在保证完成国家下达的培养人才任务的前提下，可以按照国家规定的比例实行跨部门、跨地区的联合办学，接受委托培养生和自费生。可以提出招生来源计划建议，按照国家有关规定，录取学生，处理和淘汰不合格的学生。落实国家下达的毕业生分配计划，制订毕业生分配方案，并向用人单位推荐部分毕业生。
(1) On the premise of ensuring the completion of the talent cultivation tasks assigned by the state, may conductcross-department andcross-region joint education, accept commissioned training students and self-funded students in accordance with the proportion stipulated by the state. May propose suggestions for enrollment source plans, admit students in accordance with relevant state regulations, handle and eliminate unqualified students. Implement the graduate assignment plan issued by the state, formulate graduate assignment plans, and recommend some graduates to employers.
(二)执行勤俭办学的方针并在遵守国家财务制度的前提下，按照“包干使用，超支不补，节余留用，自求平衡”的经费预算管理原则，可以安排使用主管部门核定的年度事业经费。
(2) Implement the policy of running schools diligently and economically, and under the premise of complying with the national financial system, in accordance with the budget management principle of 'lump-sum use, no supplementary for overspending, retention for underspending, self-balancing', may arrange and use the annual operating expenses approved by the competent department.
接受委托培养生、自费生，举办干部专修科、函授、夜大学及社会技术服务和咨询取得的收入，按照国家有关规定安排用于发展事业、集体福利和个人奖励。
Income from accepting commissioned training students, self-funded students, holding cadre specialized courses, correspondence courses, evening universities, and social technical services and consulting shall be arranged for use in developing undertakings, collective welfare, and individual rewards in accordance with relevant state regulations.
(三)按照主管部门批准的总体设计任务书、总体规划、长远和年度基建计划，在向主管部门实行投资包干的前提下，可以自行择优选择设计施工单位。在保证实现投资效益的前提下，经过主管部门批准可以自行审定设计文件，调整长远和年度基建计划。包干投资，节余留成使用，超支不补。
(3) In accordance with the overall design task book, overall plan, long-term and annual capital construction plans approved by the competent department, and on the premise of implementing investment lump-sum contracting with the competent department, may independently select design and construction units. On the premise of ensuring investment benefits, may independently review design documents and adjust long-term and annual capital construction plans after approval by the competent department. For lump-sum investment, the surplus may be retained for use, and overspending shall not be supplemented.
(四)按照干部管理权限，可以根据规定的干部条件、编制和选拔步骤由校长提名报请任免副校长；任免其他各级行政人员；聘任、辞退教师和辞退职工。
(4) In accordance with the cadre management authority, may, according to the prescribed cadre conditions, staffing, and selection procedures, have the president nominate and report for the appointment or removal of vice presidents; appoint or remove other administrative personnel at all levels; appoint or dismiss teachers and dismiss staff.
(五)经过批准的高等学校，可以按照国家有关规定，评定副教授的任职资格，其中少数具备条件的高等学校，可以评定教授的任职资格；审定授予硕士学位的学科、专业，增补博士研究生导师。
(5) Approved higher education institutions may, in accordance with relevant state regulations, assess the qualifications for associate professor positions, and among them, a few qualified institutions may assess the qualifications for professor positions; review and determine the disciplines and specialties for awarding master's degrees, and add doctoral supervisors.
(六)根据党和国家的教育方针政策及修业年限、培养规格，可以按社会需要调整专业服务方向，制订教学计划(培养方案)、教学大纲，选用教材，进行教学内容和方法的改革。
(6) In accordance with the Party's and the state's educational policies and the duration of study and training specifications, may adjust the direction of specialty services according to social needs, formulate teaching plans (training programs), teaching syllabi, select teaching materials, and carry out reforms in teaching content and methods.
(七)在保证完成国家下达的科学研究任务的前提下，可以自行决定参加科学研究项目的投标，承担其他单位委托的科学研究任务，面向社会开展技术服务和咨询。
(7) On the premise of ensuring the completion of scientific research tasks assigned by the state, may independently decide to participate in bidding for scientific research projects, undertake scientific research tasks commissioned by other units, andfacing society carry out technical services and consulting.
在不需要主管部门增加基建投资、事业经费和人员编制的情况下，可以自行决定单独设立或与其他单位合办科学研究机构或教学、科学研究、生产的联合体。可以接受企业单位的资助并决定其使用重点。
Under the condition that no additional capital construction investment, operating expenses, or staffing is required from the competent department, may independently decide to establish alone or jointly with other units scientific research institutions or teaching, scientific research, and production consortia. May accept funding from enterprises and decide on its use priorities.
(八)在国家外事政策和有关规定的范围内，积极开展对外交流活动。凡属学校自筹经费(含留成外汇)，经过上一级主管部门批准认为可以接受的对方资助或在主管部门下达的经费外汇限额内，可以决定出国和来华的学术交流人员。经过批准的学校可以自行负责出国人员的政治审查。
(8) Within the scope of the state's foreign affairs policies and relevant regulations, actively carry out international exchange activities. For academic exchange personnel going abroad or coming to China, if the funds are self-raised by the school (including retained foreign exchange), or if the funding from the other party is deemed acceptable after approval by the higher competent department, or within the foreign exchange quota allocated by the competent department, the school may decide. Approved schools may independently be responsible for the political review of personnel going abroad.